WebClient下载字符串与WebBrowser查看源代码不同

问题描述 投票：3回答：2

我正在创建一个C＃4.0应用程序，以使用Web客户端下载网页内容。

WebClient函数

    public static string GetDocText(string url)
    {
        string html = string.Empty;
        try
        {
            using (ConfigurableWebClient client = new ConfigurableWebClient())
            {
                /* Set timeout for webclient */
                client.Timeout = 600000;

                /* Build url */
                Uri innUri = null;
                if (!url.StartsWith("http://"))
                    url = "http://" + url;

                Uri.TryCreate(url, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute, out innUri);

                try
                {
                    client.Headers.Add("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR " + "3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; InfoPath.2; AskTbFXTV5/5.15.4.23821; BRI/2)");
                    client.Headers.Add("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
                    client.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
                    html = client.DownloadString(innUri);
                    if (html.Contains("Pagina non disponibile"))
                    {
                        string str = "site blocked";
                        str = "";
                    }

                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(html))
                    {
                        return string.Empty;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return html;
                    }

                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    return "";
                }
                finally
                {
                    client.Dispose();
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return "";
        }
    }

    public class ConfigurableWebClient : WebClient
    {
        public int? Timeout { get; set; }

        public int? ConnectionLimit { get; set; }

        protected override WebRequest GetWebRequest(Uri address)
        {

            var baseRequest = base.GetWebRequest(address);

            var webRequest = baseRequest as HttpWebRequest;

            if (webRequest == null)

                return baseRequest;

            if (Timeout.HasValue)

                webRequest.Timeout = Timeout.Value;

            if (ConnectionLimit.HasValue)

                webRequest.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = ConnectionLimit.Value;

            return webRequest;

        }
    }

我检查了C＃Web客户端中的下载内容，它与浏览器略有不同

内容。我在浏览器（Mozilla Firefox）和我的Web客户端功能中提供了相同的URL。

该网页正确显示了内容，但是我的Web客户端DownloadString返回了另一个

HTML。请在下面查看我的Web客户端回复。

Webclient下载的html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="max-age=0" />
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0" />
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="Tue, 01 Jan 1980 1:00:00 GMT" />
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="10; url=/distil_r_captcha.html?Ref=/pgol/4-abbigliamento/3-Roma%20%28RM%29/p-7&distil_RID=A8D2F8B6-B314-11E3-A5E9-E04C5DBA1712" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ga.280243267228712.js?PID=6D4E4D1D-7094-375D-A439-0568A6A70836" defer></script><style type="text/css">#d__fFH{position:absolute;top:-5000px;left:-5000px}#d__fF{font-family:serif;font-size:200px;visibility:hidden}#glance7ca96c1b,#hiredf795fe70,#target01a7c05a,#hiredf795fe70{display:none!important}</style></head>
<body>
<div id="distil_ident_block">&nbsp;</div>
<div id="d__fFH"><OBJECT id="d_dlg" CLASSID="clsid:3050f819-98b5-11cf-bb82-00aa00bdce0b" width="0px" height="0px"></OBJECT><span id="d__fF"></span></div></body>
</html>

我的问题是我的Webclient函数没有返回实际的网页内容。

请帮助。

c# browser webbrowser-control web-crawler webclient
2个回答
2
投票

某些Web程序通过HTTP请求标头响应不同。

因此，如果您要使用与Web浏览器相同的HTML，

然后，您将向哪个Web浏览器发送相同的HTTP请求！

如何？

使用Firefox开发者工具或Chrome开发者工具，然后复制HTTP请求！

<< img src =“ https://image.soinside.com/eyJ1cmwiOiAiaHR0cHM6Ly9pLnN0YWNrLmltZ3VyLmNvbS9MU3BlOC5wbmcifQ==” alt =“在此处输入图像描述”>

<< img src =“ https://image.soinside.com/eyJ1cmwiOiAiaHR0cHM6Ly9pLnN0YWNrLmltZ3VyLmNvbS9zcWkwei5wbmcifQ==” alt =“在此处输入图像描述”>

0
投票

就我而言，WebClient的DownloadData / DownloadFile / DownloadString方法显示的结果与从浏览器（例如Chrome）下载文件时显示的结果不同。首先，我认为这是一个编码问题，并且遍历了Encoding.GetEncodings()中的所有编码，但是输出数据显示了无意义的字符。然后经过大量搜索，我最终来到了这里。

我按照@ han058的建议在Chrome浏览器的“网络”标签中查看了Response headers，它显示为：

Cache-Control: public, max-age=900
content-disposition: attachment;filename=FILENAME.csv
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 29310
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Date: Sat, 04 Jan 2020 20:20:13 GMT
Expires: Sat, 04 Jan 2020 20:35:14 GMT
Last-Modified: Sat, 04 Jan 2020 20:20:14 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
Vary: *
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-Powered-By: ARR/3.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

因此响应被编码为Content-Encoding: gzip。换句话说，我必须先解压缩文件，然后才能阅读文件。 

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Net;

public class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var url = new Uri("http://www.url.com/FILENAME.csv");
        var path = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);
        var fileName = "File.csv";

        using (WebClient wc = new WebClient())
        using (Stream s = File.Create(Path.Combine(path, fileName)))
        using (GZipStream gs = new GZipStream(wc.OpenRead(url), CompressionMode.Decompress))
        {
            //Saves to C:\Users\[YourUser]\Desktop\File.csv
            gs.CopyTo(s);
        }
    }
}
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