我浏览了几个与此相关的早期问题,到目前为止我找到的最佳答案是这样的:
(char) WinAPI.MapVirtualKey((uint) Keys.A, 2)
但是,这在两种情况下不起作用:
它总是返回大写字母。对于
Keys.A
,我期望得到角色a
,而对于Keys.A | Keys.ShiftKey
,我期望得到A
;然而,我似乎都得到了A
。它似乎没有考虑键盘布局。例如,对于
Keys.OemMinus
,我似乎总是得到字符 -
,即使当前的键盘布局是德语,我希望此键返回 ß
。正确的解决方案是什么?
正确的解决方案是
ToUnicode
WinAPI函数:
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern int ToUnicode(uint virtualKeyCode, uint scanCode,
byte[] keyboardState,
[Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr, SizeConst = 64)]
StringBuilder receivingBuffer,
int bufferSize, uint flags);
将其包装成明智、方便的方法的一种方法是:
static string GetCharsFromKeys(Keys keys, bool shift, bool altGr)
{
var buf = new StringBuilder(256);
var keyboardState = new byte[256];
if (shift)
keyboardState[(int) Keys.ShiftKey] = 0xff;
if (altGr)
{
keyboardState[(int) Keys.ControlKey] = 0xff;
keyboardState[(int) Keys.Menu] = 0xff;
}
WinAPI.ToUnicode((uint) keys, 0, keyboardState, buf, 256, 0);
return buf.ToString();
}
现在我们可以检索字符并实际得到预期的结果:
Console.WriteLine(GetCharsFromKeys(Keys.E, false, false)); // prints e
Console.WriteLine(GetCharsFromKeys(Keys.E, true, false)); // prints E
// Assuming British keyboard layout:
Console.WriteLine(GetCharsFromKeys(Keys.E, false, true)); // prints é
Console.WriteLine(GetCharsFromKeys(Keys.E, true, true)); // prints É
ToUnicodeEx
检索非当前活动键盘布局的字符。除了一个额外参数(输入区域设置 ID)之外,签名是相同的,可以使用 LoadKeyboardLayout
函数检索该参数。
我认为可以使用这种方法来实现:
[DllImportAttribute("User32.dll")]
public static extern int ToAscii(int uVirtKey, int uScanCode, byte[] lpbKeyState,
byte[] lpChar, int uFlags);
示例用法可以在这里找到: http://www.pcreview.co.uk/forums/toascii-function-t1706394.html
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern int MapVirtualKey(int uCode, uint uMapType);
private void textBox1_OnKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
char c = (char)MapVirtualKey((int)e.KeyData, (uint)2);
if (char.IsNumber(c)) DoSomething();
else if (!char.IsNumber(c)) DoNothing();
}
我在WinUI 3中也遇到了这个问题。我尝试使用第一个答案中的方法来解决它,但我需要实际的键盘状态信息。这是因为我想将它与接受键盘输入的控件一起使用。为了实现这一点,我添加了另一个函数来直接获取键盘状态。
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int ToUnicode(uint virtualKeyCode, uint scanCode,
byte[] keyboardState,
[Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr, SizeConst = 64)] StringBuilder receivingBuffer,
int bufferSize, uint flags);
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool GetKeyboardState([Out]byte[] receivingBuffer);
public static string GetCharsFromKeys(VirtualKey key)
{
StringBuilder buffer = new(256);
byte[] keyboardState = new byte[256];
KeyboardHelpers.GetKeyboardState(keyboardState);
_ = KeyboardHelpers.ToUnicode((uint)key, 0, keyboardState, buffer, 256, 0);
return buffer.ToString();
}
如果您需要有关此功能的更多信息
GetKeyBoardState(PBYTE lpKeyState);
,您可以阅读此文档:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-getkeyboardstate