如何根据文件名和文件夹名的前15个字符将文件复制到文件夹中？

Question

我想从源文件夹复制 1000 多个文件，例如

sourcefolder\prod_de_7290022.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_1652899.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_6272899.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_6189020.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_7290022.wav
sourcefolder\prod_de_1652899.wav
sourcefolder\prod_de_6272899.wav
sourcefolder\prod_de_6189020.wav
sourcefolder\prod_de_7290022_mark.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_1652899_mark.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_6272899_mark.xlsx
sourcefolder\prod_de_6189020_mark.xlsx

到正确的目标文件夹。文件夹名称（基于另一个例程）很长，并且只有前 15 个字符与每个文件名的前 15 个字符相同，例如：

destination\prod_de_1652899_tool_big\
destination\prod_de_6272899_bike_red\
destination\prod_de_6189020_bike-green\
destination\prod_de_7290022_camera_good\

我正在寻找将文件复制到文件夹中的例程，例如将

sourcefolder\prod_de_1652899.xlsx

复制到

destination\prod_de_1652899_tool_big\

。

这里有人对批处理/脚本有好主意吗？

Answer 1

我建议使用此注释批处理代码来完成此任务：

@echo off
setlocal EnableExtensions DisableDelayedExpansion
set "SourceFolder=sourcefolder"
set "TargetFolder=destination"

rem Call subroutine CopyFile for each non hidden and
rem non system file found in specified source folder
rem and then exit processing of this batch file.

for %%I in ("%SourceFolder%\*") do call :CopyFile "%%~fI"

endlocal
exit /B 2>nul


rem This is a subroutine called for each file in source folder.
rem It takes the first 15 characters from each file name passed
rem to this subroutine via first parameter and search for a
rem folder in target folder starting with same 15 characters.
rem If such a folder is found, the file is copied to this folder
rem and the subroutine is exited.
rem Otherwise a new folder is created for the file and if
rem this is indeed successful, the file is copied into the
rem newly created folder with an appropriate message.

:CopyFile
set "FileName=%~n1"
set "DirectoryName=%FileName:~0,15%"
for /D %%D in ("%TargetFolder%\%DirectoryName%*") do (
    copy /B /Y %1 /B "%%~D\" >nul
    goto :EOF
)

set "NewFolder=%TargetFolder%\%DirectoryName%_new"
md "%NewFolder%"
if exist "%NewFolder%\" (
    echo Created new folder: %NewFolder%
    copy /B /Y %1 /B "%NewFolder%\" >nul
    goto :EOF
)

echo Failed to create folder: %NewFolder%
echo Could not copy file: %1
goto :EOF

要了解所使用的命令及其工作原理，请打开命令提示符窗口，执行以下命令，并完整、仔细地阅读每个命令显示的帮助页面。

• call /?

• copy /?

• echo /?

• endlocal /?

• exit /?

• for /?

• goto /?

• if /?

• md /?

• rem /?

• set /?

• setlocal /?