错误使用pip安装mysqlclient，找不到-lssl的库

Question

我在我的MacOS上运行[email protected]版本，我已经用brew安装了mysql和mysql-connector-o。目前brew链接mysql。

在我的python3虚拟环境上运行Django项目我收到以下错误 -

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb'.
Did you install mysqlclient or MySQL-python?

并使用pip安装mysqlclient，我正在收到以下错误

clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -Dversion_info=(1,3,13,'final',0) -D__version__=1.3.13 -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.12/include/mysql -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/include/python3.6m -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.6/_mysql.o
clang -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.6/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.12/lib -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.6/_mysql.cpython-36m-darwin.so
ld: library not found for -lssl
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command "/Volumes/Samsung_T5/Work/python/repos/venv3/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/tmp/pip-install-kf2fkhtc/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-qwpjjw3e/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Volumes/Samsung_T5/Work/python/repos/venv3/bin/../include/site/python3.6/mysqlclient" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-kf2fkhtc/mysqlclient/

Answer 1

正如jordanm指出的那样，问题恰恰与缺少的openssl库有关，为此我按照这些步骤来解决我的问题 -

1. 安装openssl brew install openssl
2. 现在pip install mysqlclient应该工作。 如果它没有并仍然显示相同的错误library not found for -lssl，你也可以尝试链接反对brew的openssl： env LDFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib" pip install mysqlclient 如果这仍然不起作用，您可能需要使用pip的--no-cache选项，例如： env LDFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib" pip --no-cache install mysqlclient

Answer 2

通过Homebrew安装openssl之后我放了

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

在我的.bash_profile中运行

source .bash_profile

然后

pip install mysqlclient