无法将Rails从4.20升级到5.2.3

Question

我正在尝试将Rails 4.2应用程序升级到5.2.3。我的系统是MacOS 10.14.6 Mojave。捆绑器版本2.0.2

这是我执行bundle update之后的错误：

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "actionpack":
  In Gemfile:
    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      actionpack (= 5.2.4.rc1)

    simple_form was resolved to 5.0.1, which depends on
      actionpack (>= 5.0)

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0) was resolved to 3.2.1, which depends on
        actionpack (>= 4.0)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activemodel":
  In Gemfile:
    paperclip was resolved to 6.1.0, which depends on
      activemodel (>= 4.2.0)

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      activemodel (= 5.2.4.rc1)

    simple_form was resolved to 5.0.1, which depends on
      activemodel (>= 5.0)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activerecord":
  In Gemfile:
    acts-as-taggable-on was resolved to 6.5.0, which depends on
      activerecord (< 6.1, >= 5.0)

    deep_cloneable was resolved to 3.0.0, which depends on
      activerecord (< 7, >= 3.1.0)

    oink was resolved to 0.10.1, which depends on
      activerecord

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      activerecord (= 5.2.4.rc1)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activesupport":
  In Gemfile:
    jbuilder (~> 2.0) was resolved to 2.9.1, which depends on
      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)

    activeadmin was resolved to 2.5.0, which depends on
      kaminari (>= 1.0.1, ~> 1.0) was resolved to 1.1.1, which depends on
        activesupport (>= 4.1.0)

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      activesupport (= 5.2.4.rc1)

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0) was resolved to 3.2.1, which depends on
        activesupport (>= 4.0)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "railties":
  In Gemfile:
    activeadmin was resolved to 2.5.0, which depends on
      railties (< 6.1, >= 5.2)

    coffee-rails (~> 4.1.0) was resolved to 4.1.0, which depends on
      railties (< 5.0, >= 4.0.0)

    devise was resolved to 4.2.1, which depends on
      railties (< 5.1, >= 4.1.0)

    activeadmin was resolved to 2.5.0, which depends on
      jquery-rails (~> 4.2) was resolved to 4.3.5, which depends on
        railties (>= 4.2.0)

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      railties (= 5.2.4.rc1)

这是我仅更新rails bundle update rails时得到的内容：

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activerecord":
  In Gemfile:
    acts-as-taggable-on was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
      activerecord (>= 4.2.8)

    deep_cloneable was resolved to 3.0.0, which depends on
      activerecord (< 7, >= 3.1.0)

    oink was resolved to 0.10.1, which depends on
      activerecord

    rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
      activerecord (= 5.2.4.rc1)

    activeadmin was resolved to 1.4.3, which depends on
      ransack (>= 1.8.7) was resolved to 1.8.10, which depends on
        activerecord (< 5.2, >= 3.0)

这是我的宝石文件：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.5.1'

gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.3'

gem 'mysql2', '<= 0.5.1'
gem 'mini_racer'
gem 'sass-rails'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
gem 'jbuilder_cache_multi'
# gem 'sidekiq'
# gem 'sinatra', require: false # Required by sidekiq/web
gem 'savon'
gem 'soap4r'
gem 'kaminari'
# gem 'actionpack-action_caching'
gem 'acts-as-taggable-on'
gem 'rest-client'
gem 'simple_form'
# gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'
gem 'paperclip'
gem 'whenever', require: false
gem 'typhoeus'
gem 'zip-zip', require: false
gem 'http'
gem 'activeadmin'
gem 'devise'
gem 'redis-rails'
gem 'crack'
gem 'trollop'
gem 'oink'
# gem 'backport_new_renderer'
gem 'deep_cloneable'
gem 'gsl'
gem 'kmeans-clusterer'
gem 'scalpel'
gem 'pragmatic_segmenter'
gem 'memory_profiler'
gem 'parallel'
gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.3', '>= 1.3.11'
gem 'sprockets-rails', :require => 'sprockets/railtie'
gem 'digest', git: '[email protected]:ruby/digest.git'
gem 'httparty'
gem 'mail'
gem 'net-ssh'
gem 'highline'




group :production do
  gem 'newrelic_rpm'
  gem 'appsignal'
  gem 'execjs'
  gem 'puma'
  gem 'puma_worker_killer'
end

group :development, :test do
  gem 'byebug'
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'
  # gem 'minitest-rails'
  gem 'thin'
end

group :development do
  gem 'awesome_print'
  gem "capistrano"
  gem 'capistrano-rails', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-bundler', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-sidekiq', require: false
  gem 'quiet_assets'
  gem 'better_errors'
  gem 'binding_of_caller'
  gem 'terminal-notifier-guard', require: false
  gem 'terminal-notifier', require: false
  gem 'derailed_benchmarks'
  gem 'stackprof' # used by derailed_benchmarks
end

看来actionpack，activerecord，activemodel和activesupport都需要版本5.2.4.rc1。这是我的本地宝石：

Xuans-MacBook-Pro:moldb xuan$ gem list "activesupport"

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

activesupport (6.0.1, 5.2.4.rc1, 5.2.3, 5.2.0, 5.1.6.1, 4.2.11.1, 4.2.10)
redis-activesupport (5.2.0, 5.0.7, 5.0.3, 4.0.0)
Xuans-MacBook-Pro:moldb xuan$ gem list "activemodel"

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

activemodel (6.0.1, 5.2.4.rc1, 5.2.3, 5.2.0, 5.1.6.1, 4.2.11.1, 4.2.10)
Xuans-MacBook-Pro:moldb xuan$ gem list "actionpack"

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

actionpack (6.0.1, 5.2.4.rc1, 5.2.3, 5.2.0, 5.1.6.1, 4.2.11.1, 4.2.10)
Xuans-MacBook-Pro:moldb xuan$ gem list 'railties'

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

railties (6.0.1, 5.2.4.rc1, 5.2.3, 5.2.0, 5.1.6.1, 4.2.11.1, 4.2.10)

我尝试了各种方法来解决此升级问题；但没有运气。删除Gemfile.lock然后再执行bundle install对我不起作用（这将提供相同的错误输出）。升级任何Rails应用程序时，它是如此令人沮丧，依赖地狱很难解决。

谢谢您的帮助和建议！

Answer 1

例如，您必须修复gems版本：

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "railties":

activeadmin was resolved to 2.5.0, which depends on
  railties (< 6.1, >= 5.2)

coffee-rails (~> 4.1.0) was resolved to 4.1.0, which depends on
  railties (< 5.0, >= 4.0.0)

devise was resolved to 4.2.1, which depends on
  railties (< 5.1, >= 4.1.0)

activeadmin was resolved to 2.5.0, which depends on
  jquery-rails (~> 4.2) was resolved to 4.3.5, which depends on
    railties (>= 4.2.0)

rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
  railties (= 5.2.4.rc1)

这告诉您咖啡导轨取决于<5.0的导轨，设计导轨<5.1的导轨，而5.23取决于导轨5.2.4.rc1。因此，在这种情况下，您应该要求使用较新版本的devise和coffee-rails。

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activerecord":

acts-as-taggable-on was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
  activerecord (>= 4.2.8)

deep_cloneable was resolved to 3.0.0, which depends on
  activerecord (< 7, >= 3.1.0)

oink was resolved to 0.10.1, which depends on
  activerecord

rails (~> 5.2.3) was resolved to 5.2.4.rc1, which depends on
  activerecord (= 5.2.4.rc1)

activeadmin was resolved to 1.4.3, which depends on
  ransack (>= 1.8.7) was resolved to 1.8.10, which depends on
    activerecord (< 5.2, >= 3.0)

这告诉您，您需要的是activeadmin 1.4.3，取决于ransak> = 1.8.7，其取决于activerecord <5.2，但是rails 5.2.3取决于activerecord 5.2.4.rc1。您需要更新您的activeadmin和ransack gem。

修复每个告诉您gemfile使用哪个版本的gem的冲突，您可以在rubygems进行检查。

您已经在系统上安装了gem，但是在其他gem的依赖关系之间存在冲突。