使用Spring和Mockito测试RabbitMQ

Question

尝试使用RabbitTemplate进行Spring JUnit运行测试，并使用Mockito存根服务类注入侦听器。试图验证与模拟的交互。通过我见过的例子，我认为这是可能的。 RabbitMQ正在运作。登录仪表板时，我可以在那里看到消息。能够使用独立控制台应用程序使用消息。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/spring/servlet-context.xml", "classpath:/spring/root-context.xml", "classpath:rabbitlistener-context-test.xml"})
public class ReceiveOrderQueueListenerTest {

    @Mock
    private ReceiveOrderRepository mockRepos;

    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Autowired
    SimpleMessageListenerContainer  listenerContainer;

    @InjectMocks
    @Autowired
    ReceiveOrderQueueListener receiveOrderQueueListener;


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testAbleToReceiveMessage() {
        RequestForService rfs = new RequestForService();
        rfs.setClaimNumber("a claim");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("some.queue", rfs);
        verify(mockRepos).save(new OrderRequest());
    }

} 

然后兔子听众配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

     <rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbitConnectionFactory" host="XXXXXXXXX.com"   username="test" password="test" /> 
 <!--    <rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbitConnectionFactory" host="localhost" username="guest" password="guest" /> -->

    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory" auto-startup="true"  />

    <rabbit:template id="tutorialTemplate" connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"  exchange="TUTORIAL-EXCHANGE"/>

    <rabbit:queue name="some.queue"  id="some.queue"></rabbit:queue>

    <bean id="receiveOrderListener" class="XXXXXXXXXX.connect.message.ReceiveOrderQueueListenerImpl"></bean>


    <rabbit:topic-exchange id="myExchange" name="TUTORIAL-EXCHANGE">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="some.queue"   pattern="some.queue"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory">
    <!--    <rabbit:listener queues="some.queue" ref="receiveOrderListener" method="handleMessage"/> -->
        <rabbit:listener queues="some.queue" ref="receiveOrderListener" />
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

尝试在MessgeListenerAdaptor中进行注入，并考虑所需的测试，以便正确连接侦听器。注入适配器后，我能够验证委托是否已经注入了存根。测试失败，没有与mock的零交互。我可以登录rabbitmq，消息就在那里。在此测试运行期间，注入的侦听器对象不会消耗队列中的消息。

听众说，差点忘了。尝试默认签名并尝试指定方法。

public class ReceiveOrderQueueListenerImpl implements ReceiveOrderQueueListener {

    @Autowired
    ReceiveOrderRepository receiveOrderRepository;

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(RequestForService rfs) {
        System.out.println("receive a message");
        receiveOrderRepository.save(new OrderRequest());
    }

    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        receiveOrderRepository.save(new OrderRequest());
    }

}

任何建议都会有所帮助，我提前感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

我在测试中看不到任何同步。消息传递本质上是异步的（意味着巡回测试可以在消息到达之前完成）。

尝试使用Latch概念，该概念会阻止消息到达或超时到期。

首先，您需要一个队列的测试侦听器bean：

@Bean
@lombok.RequiredArgsContructor
@lombok.Setter
public class TestListener {

    private final ReceiveOrderQueueListener realListener;
    private CountDownLatch latch;

    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        realListener.onMessage(message);
        latch.countDown();
    }
}

确保将其配置为在测试上下文中用于代替原始侦听器。

然后在你的测试中你可以设置闩锁：

public class ReceiveOrderQueueListenerTest {

    @Autowired
    private TestListener testListener;

    @Test
    public void testAbleToReceiveMessage() {
        RequestForService rfs = new RequestForService();
        rfs.setClaimNumber("a claim");

        // Set latch for 1 message.
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);  
        testListener.setLatch(latch);

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("some.queue", rfs);

        // Wait max 5 seconds, then do assertions.
        latch.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        verify(mockRepos).save(new OrderRequest());
    }
}

请注意，有更好的方法如何使用锁存器（例如通道拦截器或LatchCountDownAndCallRealMethodAnswer与Mockito），但这是基本的想法。有关更多信息，请参阅Spring AMQP testing reference。