在存储过程中传递动态订单

问题描述 投票：0回答：5

我正在创建以下存储过程。

declare @PageNum as Int
declare @PerPageResult as Int
declare @StartDate as varchar(25)
declare @EndDate as varchar(25)
declare @SortType as Varchar(50)
declare @SortDirection as Varchar(4)
set @PageNum=1
set @PerPageResult=20
set @StartDate='2008-02-08'
set @EndDate='2015-02-08'
set @SortType='RegDate'
set @SortDirection='Desc'
declare @Temp Table(RowNum int, RegDate Date, Registered int, Female int, Male int, [Join] int, Rebill int, TotalPointsEarned int, Expire int)
declare @sort varchar(50)
Insert into @Temp
    Select ROW_NUMBER() over (order by @SortType+' '+@SortDirection) As RowNum, * From (    
    SELECT 
    CAST(m.registrationdate AS Date) as RegDate,    
    count(m.id) Registered,
    count(CASE WHEN m.gender='F' then 'F' end) As Female,
    count(CASE WHEN m.gender='M' then 'M' end) As Male
    count(CASE WHEN p.paymenttransactiontype='N' then 'N' end) As [Join],
    count(CASE WHEN p.paymenttransactiontype='R' then 'R' end) As Rebill,
    count(m.tokensearned) As TotalPointsEarned,
    count(CASE WHEN p.paymenttransactiontype='E' then 'E' end) As Expire
    from member m
    join payment p on m.id=p.id_member
    join user_role u on u.member_id=m.id
    where u.role_id <> 3
    and CAST(m.registrationdate AS Date) > @StartDate and CAST(m.registrationdate AS Date) < @EndDate
    GROUP BY CAST(m.registrationdate AS Date)
    ) as aa 
    Select * from @Temp Where RowNum>((@PageNum-1)*@PerPageResult) and RowNum<=@PerPageResult * @PageNum
    Order by @SortType+' '+@SortDirection

在上面，当我动态传递 

Order by
子句时，它没有正确对数据进行排序，但是当我显式写入列名称时，它工作正常。可能是将 
@SortType+' '+@SortDirection
视为 
varchar
而不是 
Date

我尝试写

Order by case when (@Sort='RegDate' and @SortDirection='Desc') Then RegDate End Desc
，但没有成功

我如何在这里动态传递订单。

编辑： @Andomar：我尝试了您提供的解决方案，并为日期类型添加了一个字段。而且也没有效果。

以下是我所做的。

create table t1 (id int, name varchar(50), dt date);
insert t1 values 
    (1, 'Chihiro Ogino','2009-02-08'), 
    (2, 'Spirit of the Kohaku River','2008-02-08'), 
    (3, 'Yubaba','2012-02-08');



declare @sortColumn varchar(50) = 'dt'
declare @sortOrder varchar(50) = 'ASC'

select  *
from    t1
order by
        case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then 0
        when @sortColumn = 'id' then id
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'name' then name
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'dt' then name
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then 0
        when @sortColumn = 'id' then id
        end DESC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'name' then name
        end DESC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'dt' then name
        end DESC
sql sql-server sql-server-2008-r2
5个回答
43
投票

您可以使用复杂的 

order by
子句。 这需要每个排序方向和每种数据类型都有一个 
case
。 使用此示例数据集：

create table t1 (id int, name varchar(50), created date);
insert t1 values 
    (1, 'Chihiro Ogino', '2012-01-01'), 
    (2, 'Spirit of the Kohaku River', '2012-01-03'), 
    (3, 'Yubaba', '2012-01-02');

您可以使用 

order by
子句，例如：

declare @sortColumn varchar(50) = 'created'
declare @sortOrder varchar(50) = 'DESC'

select  *
from    t1
order by
        case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then 0
        when @sortColumn = 'id' then id
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'name' then name
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'ASC' then cast(null as date)
        when @sortColumn = 'created' then created
        end ASC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then 0
        when @sortColumn = 'id' then id
        end DESC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then ''
        when @sortColumn = 'name' then name
        end DESC
,       case
        when @sortOrder <> 'DESC' then cast(null as date)
        when @sortColumn = 'created' then created
        end DESC

SQL Fiddle 的工作示例。

另一个选项是动态创建查询，并使用 

exec
运行它。 例如：

declare @sql nvarchar(max)
set @sql = 'select * from YourTable order by ' + @sortColumn + ' ' + @sortDir
exec (@sql)
1
投票

@Andomar 的回答有助于解决类似的问题。我需要以任意顺序对任意数量的 23 个不同列进行排序。我最终得到以下结果：

create table sorting(ID int, columnName varchar(50), sort varchar(10), position int)
insert into sorting 
values(1,'column1','DESC',1),
      (1,'column2','ASC',2),
      ...              
      (1,'columnN','DESC',N)

在SP中添加参数@sort来标识排序中的条目：

ORDER BY ISNULL(STUFF((SELECT ', ' + a.columnName + ' ' +  a.sort 
                    FROM sorting a
                    WHERE a.ID = @sort
                    ORDER BY a.position ASC
            FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, ''),NULL)
1
投票

构建动态可排序存储过程有两种基本方法：

  1. 将 

    ORDER BY
    子句作为参数传递给存储过程。在存储过程中，在字符串中构建 SQL 语句，然后使用 
    EXEC
    或 
    sp_ExecuteSql
    执行该语句。

    -- This Method is used when your Column names are dynamic 
-- We need to create a dynamic query and Execute it as shown below.

CREATE PROCEDURE getEmployees ( @OrderByClause varchar(100) ) AS

-- Create a variable @SQLStatement
DECLARE @SQLStatement varchar(255)

-- Enter the dynamic SQL statement into the
-- variable @SQLStatement
SELECT @SQLStatement =  'SELECT EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, SSN, Salary  
 FROM Employees ORDER BY '+ @OrderByClause+''

-- Execute the SQL statement
EXEC(@SQLStatement)

  2. 传入要排序的列，然后在 

    CASE
    子句中使用 
    ORDER BY
    语句根据输入参数值对结果进行排序。

    --This method is used when you column name is not dynamic 

SELECT EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, SSN, Salary
FROM Employees
ORDER BY
  CASE WHEN @ColumnName='LastName' THEN LastName
       WHEN @ColumnName='Salary' THEN CONVERT(varchar(50), Salary)
       WHEN @ColumnName='SSN' THEN SSN
  END
0
投票

从 SQL Server 2016 开始，您可以使用 JSON 字符串。

仅使用一个简单的表格来说明此示例中的概念。

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 INT, c2 INT, c3 INT)
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,2,3),(3,1,2),(2,3,1),(1,3,2),(2,1,3),(3,2,1);

DECLARE
@order        NVARCHAR(MAX) = '{"c1":"DESC","c3":"ASC"}'

SELECT *
  FROM t1
  ORDER BY
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c1') WHEN 'DESC' THEN c1 END DESC,
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c1') WHEN 'ASC' THEN c1 END ASC,
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c2') WHEN 'DESC' THEN c2 END DESC,
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c2') WHEN 'ASC' THEN c2 END ASC,
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c3') WHEN 'DESC' THEN c3 END DESC,
    CASE JSON_VALUE(@order, '$.c3') WHEN 'ASC' THEN c3 END ASC;

如果某个列未在 JSON 字符串中列出，或其值无效，则该列将被忽略。

空白 JSON 字符串（即 {}）确实有效。只是没有具体的顺序。

如果您使用的是早期版本的 SQL Server（2005 - 2014），您可以对其进行调整以使用 XML。我没试过。

-2
投票

这样的东西应该有效：

ORDER BY
  CASE WHEN @SortDirection = 'ASC'  THEN @SortType END ASC,
  CASE WHEN @SortDirection = 'DESC' THEN @SortType END DESC
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