如何将 JavaScript BigInt 值转换为科学计数法?

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我想以科学记数法将 JavaScript

bigint
值呈现为
string

我想到了

Number.toExponential()
,但它只适用于
numbers

const scientificNotation = n => parseInt(n).toExponential();

console.log(scientificNotation(prompt()));

javascript scientific-notation bigint
1个回答
4
投票

Intl支持Bigint:

事实证明

BigInt.prototype.toLocaleString()
可以与
options
一起使用以进行科学记数法:

const fmt /*: BigIntToLocaleStringOptions */ = {
  notation: 'scientific',
  maximumFractionDigits: 20 // The default is 3, but 20 is the maximum supported by JS according to MDN.
};

const b1 = 1234567890123456789n;

console.log( b1.toLocaleString( 'en-US', fmt ) ); // "1.234567890123456789E18" 

原答案:

(此代码对于没有

Intl
支持的 JS 环境仍然有用,或者如果您需要超过 20 位精度):

因为

bigint
值始终是整数,并且因为
bigint.toString()
将返回以 10 为基数的数字而无需进一步的仪式(除了负值的前导
-
之外),那么一个快速而肮脏的方法是采用那些渲染的数字并在第一个数字后面插入一个小数点(又名小数点),并在末尾添加指数,因为它是一个以 10 为基数的字符串,所以指数与渲染字符串的长度相同(简洁,呵呵?)

function bigIntToExponential( value: bigint ): string {
    
    if( typeof value !== 'bigint' ) throw new Error( "Argument must be a bigint, but a " + ( typeof value ) + " was supplied." );

    //

    const isNegative = value < 0;
    if( isNegative ) value = -value; // Using the absolute value for the digits.

    const str = value.toString();
    
    const exp = str.length - 1;
    if( exp == 0 ) return ( isNegative ? "-" : '' ) + str + "e+0";

    const mantissaDigits = str.replace( /(0+)$/, '' ); // Remove any mathematically insignificant zeroes.

    // Use the single first digit for the integral part of the mantissa, and all following digits for the fractional part (if any).
    let mantissa = mantissaDigits.charAt( 0 );
    if( mantissaDigits.length > 1 ) {
        mantissa += '.' + mantissaDigits.substring( 1 );
    }

    return ( isNegative ? "-" : '' ) + mantissa + "e+" + exp.toString();
}

console.log( bigIntToExponential( 1n ) );    // "1e+0"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 10n ) );   // "1e+1"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 100n ) );  // "1e+2"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 1000n ) ); // "1e+3"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 10000n ) ); // "1e+4" 
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 1003n ) ); // "1.003e+3" 
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 10000000003000000n) ); // "1.0000000003e+16" 
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 1234567890123456789n ) ); // "1.234567890123456789e+18" 
console.log( bigIntToExponential( 12345678901234567898765432109876543210n ) ); // "1.234567890123456789876543210987654321e+37" 

console.log( bigIntToExponential( -1n ) );    // "-1e+0"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( -10n ) );   // "-1e+1"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( -100n ) );  // "-1e+2"
console.log( bigIntToExponential( -1000n ) ); // "-1e+3"
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