for file.split（'\ r \ n'）中的x：TypeError：需要类似字节的对象，而不是'str'

Question

我基本上想在列表中搜索关键字，但是我不确定如何修复代码，所以不会出现此错误。

suspicious = []

zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  zip.read("domain-names.txt")
for x in file.split('\r\n'):

    if "apple" in x and "support" in x:
        print("suspicious address found"+ x)
        suspicious.append(x.replace('\n', ''))

Answer 1

我尚未测试代码，但可以尝试此操作

suspicious = []

zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  zip.read("domain-names.txt")
for x in file.split(b'\r\n'):

    if "apple" in x and "support" in x:
        print("suspicious address found"+ x)
        suspicious.append(x.replace('\n', ''))

Answer 2

如果您这样更改，它将起作用：

suspicious = []

zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  zip.read("domain-names.txt")
for x in file.split(b'\r\n'):
    strX = str(x)
    if "apple" in strX and "support" in strX:
        print("suspicious address found"+ strX)
        suspicious.append(strX.replace('\n', ''))

Answer 3

zip.read返回一个bytes对象。如果您知道它是文本，则应先将其解码为str对象，然后再进行进一步处理。

zip = zip.read("domain-names.txt").decode()

您可能还想使用io.StringIO，以便将内容视为文件。

import io
import zipfile

zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  io.StringIO(zip.read("domain-names.txt").decode())
for x in file:
    if "apple" in x and "support" in x:
        print("suspicious address found"+ x)
        suspicious.append(x.rstrip('\n'))

Answer 4

这是因为您正在混合str和字节。的值是字节，因此您不能将其分割为字符串（'\ r \ n'）。您在这里有2个选择：

1. 将分割字符转换为字节（b'\ r \ n'）。在这种情况下，您还必须更改if条件以使用字节，并将替换的字符替换为字节，因为x也是字节]
2. 在这种情况下，将文件转换为字符串（如果文件为utf-8，则将文件转换为字符串（file.decode（“ utf-8”））；]

所以简单的改变就是这个

suspicious = []
zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  zip.read("domain-names.txt")
for x in file.decode("utf-8").split('\r\n'):

    if "apple" in x and "support" in x:
        print("suspicious address found"+ x)
        suspicious.append(x.replace('\n', ''))
基于字节的方法：

suspicious = []
zip = zipfile.ZipFile("C:/Users/Oliver/Documents/website_urls/urls.zip")
file =  zip.read("domain-names.txt")
for x in file.split(b'\r\n'):

    if b"apple" in x and b"support" in x:
        print("suspicious address found"+ x)
        suspicious.append(x.replace(b'\n', b''))