如何使用 SDL2 修复“不支持 GLSL 3.30”错误

Question

我正在使用 OpenGL 和 SDL2 在屏幕上绘制一个三角形。

我的问题出在着色器编译阶段。

以下是我遇到的错误：

错误::着色器::顶点::编译失败 0:1(10)：错误：不支持 GLSL 3.30。支持的版本有：1.10、1.20、1.30、1.40、1.00 ES 和 3.00 ES

错误::着色器::片段::编译失败 0:1(10)：错误：不支持 GLSL 3.30。支持的版本有：1.10、1.20、1.30、1.40、1.00 ES 和 3.00 ES

错误::着色器::程序::LINKING_FAILED 错误：与未编译/非专业着色器链接错误：与未编译/非专业着色器链接

我在一些论坛上看到人们有相同的错误消息，他们被告知默认情况下 MESA 将切换到兼容性配置文件而不是核心配置文件，但问题是我已经明确告诉 SDL2 创建核心上下文配置文件：

SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);

顺便说一句，我已经在同一台计算机上使用了 OpenGL 版本 3.30 和 GLSL 3.30，将其与 GLFW 和 GLAD 一起使用，没有任何问题，但现在我只想让它与 SDL2 和 GLEW 一起使用。

这是

glxinfo | grep "version"

命令的结果：

server glx version string: 1.4
client glx version string: 1.4
GLX version: 1.4
    Max core profile version: 3.3
    Max compat profile version: 3.1
    Max GLES1 profile version: 1.1
    Max GLES[23] profile version: 3.1
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL version string: 3.1 Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.40
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.1 Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.10
    GL_EXT_shader_implicit_conversions, GL_EXT_shader_integer_mix,

以及我的主要功能的内容：

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // =====> INIT VARS
    SDL_Window* window;
    SDL_Renderer* renderer;
    SDL_GLContext glContext;
    GLenum err;
    // INIT VARS <=====

    if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ALPHA_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BUFFER_SIZE, 32);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24);

    window = createWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "TP_PROGRAMMATION_3D");
    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }
    renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
    if(renderer == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // OPENGL CONTEXT FOR THE WINDOW
    glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);

    // GLEW INIT
    err = glewInit();
    if(err != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl;
        SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer); SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // EVERYTHING'S FINE : TIME TO PAINT IT GREY
    glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(1);
    glClearColor(Color::LIGHT_GREY[0], Color::LIGHT_GREY[1], Color::LIGHT_GREY[2], Color::LIGHT_GREY[3]);

    // OPENGL DRAWING CALLS AND MAIN DRAWING LOOP
    draw_gl(window);

    // END
    SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
    SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}

和着色器代码：

const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}";

const char* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   color = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);\n"
"}";

Answer 1

好吧，我已经开始工作了，但说实话，我不知道为什么现在我做了一些小改动就可以工作了，因为它看起来几乎是一样的。

这是代码：

#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "color.hpp"

#define WIDTH 800
#define HEIGHT 600

float triangle[] =
{
    -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f
};

const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}";

const char* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   color = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);\n"
"}";

SDL_Window* createWindow(int w, int h, std::string title)
{
    SDL_Window* window = nullptr;

    if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    // OPENGL VERSION
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);

    // DOUBLE BUFFER
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24);

    if(w == 0 and h == 0)
    {
        window = SDL_CreateWindow(
                title.c_str(),
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                w,
                h,
                SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN);
    }
    window = SDL_CreateWindow(
            title.c_str(),
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            w,
            h,
            SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);

    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    return window;
}

int processInput()
{
    SDL_Event event;

    if(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
    {
        if(event.type == SDL_QUIT)
            return -1;
        if(event.type == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED)
            glViewport(0, 0, event.window.data1, event.window.data2);
    }
    return 1;
}

void draw_gl(SDL_Window* window)
{
    // VAO
    GLuint vao1;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao1);
    glBindVertexArray(vao1);

    // VBO for a triangle
    GLuint vbo1;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo1);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo1);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(triangle), triangle, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // VertexAttribPointer
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

    // Vertex shader
    GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(vertexShader);

    // Fragment shader
    GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

    // Check for compile errors if any
    int success;
    char infoLog[512];

    glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    // Shader program
    GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

    glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
    glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
    glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

    while(true)
    {
        if(processInput() == -1)
            break;

        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
        SDL_GL_SwapWindow(window);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // =====> INIT VARS
    SDL_Window* window;
    SDL_Renderer* renderer;
    SDL_GLContext glContext;
    GLenum err;
    // INIT VARS <=====

    window = createWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "OPENGL");
    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // OPENGL CONTEXT FOR THE WINDOW
    glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);

    // GLEW INIT
    glewExperimental = true;
    err = glewInit();
    if(err != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl;
        SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer); SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // EVERYTHING'S FINE : TIME TO PAINT IT GREY
    glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(1);
    glClearColor(Color::LIGHT_GREY[0], Color::LIGHT_GREY[1], Color::LIGHT_GREY[2], Color::LIGHT_GREY[3]);

    // OPENGL DRAWING CALLS AND MAIN DRAWING LOOP
    draw_gl(window);

    // END
    SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
    //SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}

Answer 2

对于仍然遇到此问题的任何人，因为 OP 不确定到底发生了什么变化：

我发现在 MacOS Ventura 上，我必须在运行 SDL_Init 之前指定主要/次要，并且必须在之后设置配置文件掩码。尝试在 init 之后设置版本将导致无法绑定正确的 OpenGL 版本，而尝试在 init 之前设置配置文件掩码将导致 OP 的错误。

示例片段：

int main() {
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);

    SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_Window * window = SDL_CreateWindow(...