Android - onRequestPermissionsResult() 已弃用。还有其他选择吗？

Question

我尝试实现从存储中写入和读取的请求权限。一切都运行良好，但今天 Android 向我展示了 onRequestPermissionsResult(...) 方法已被弃用。 StackOverflow 中有很多关于这个主题的问题，但不幸的是，它们已经过时了。

我在片段中调用了以下方法。

建议只需致电：

requestPermissions(new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
StorageKeys.STORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE)

而不是我的方法：

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(getActivity(),
new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
StorageKeys.STORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE))

但是它们都表明 onRequestPermissionsResult(...) 已被弃用。

这是我的 onRequestPermissionsResult(...) 方法：

  @Override
  public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                         @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

    if (requestCode == StorageKeys.STORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE) {

      if (grantResults.length > 0
          && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

        exportBibTex.createBibFile();
        exportBibTex.writeBibFile(exportBibTex
            .getBibDataLibrary(libraryModel, bookDao, noteDao));

        Toast.makeText(getContext(),
            getString(R.string.exported_file_stored_in) + '\n'
                + File.separator + StorageKeys.DOWNLOAD_FOLDER + File.separator + fileName
                + StorageKeys.BIB_FILE_TYPE, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

      } else {
        Toast.makeText(getContext(), R.string.storage_permission_denied,
            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      }
    }
  }

这是一个简单的警报对话框，我在其中调用 onRequestPermissionsResult(...):

  private void showRequestPermissionDialog() {
    AlertDialog.Builder reqAlertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(getContext());
    reqAlertDialog.setTitle(R.string.storage_permission_needed);
    reqAlertDialog.setMessage(R.string.storage_permission_alert_msg);

    reqAlertDialog.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok,
        (dialog, which) -> ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(getActivity(),
            new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
            StorageKeys.STORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE));
    reqAlertDialog.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel,
        (dialog, which) -> dialog.dismiss());

    reqAlertDialog.create().show();
  }

我可以使用 onRequestPermissionsResult(...) 的替代方案吗？

Answer 1

onRequestPermissionsResult()

方法在

androidx.fragment.app.Fragment

中已弃用。

所以你可以使用

registerForActivityResult()

方法而不是

onRequestPermissionsResult()

。

您可以参考这个网址。

以下是Kotlin代码，大家可以参考一下：

val requestPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
    ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()
) { isGranted ->
    if (isGranted) {
        // PERMISSION GRANTED
    } else {
        // PERMISSION NOT GRANTED
    }
}

// Ex. Launching ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
private fun startLocationPermissionRequest() {
    requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
}

我从以下 URL 添加了 java 代码。
如何在新的ActivityResult API（1.3.0-alpha05）中获取权限请求？

private ActivityResultLauncher<String> requestPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
    new ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission(),
    new ActivityResultCallback<Boolean>() {
        @Override
        public void onActivityResult(Boolean result) {
            if (result) {
                // PERMISSION GRANTED
            } else {
                // PERMISSION NOT GRANTED
            }
        }
    }
);

// Ex. Launch the permission window -- this is in onCreateView()
floatingActionButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);    
    }
});

您还可以请求多个权限：

val requestMultiplePermissions = registerForActivityResult(
    ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()
) { permissions ->

    // To log permissions:
    permissions.entries.forEach {
        Log.d("DEBUG", "${it.key} = ${it.value}")
    }

    // To check for permissions:
    val a: Boolean = permissions[Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS] as Boolean
    val b: Boolean = permissions[Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION] as Boolean
    if (a && b) {
        Log.d("LOG_TAG", "Has permissions: READ_CONTACTS, ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION.")
    }
}

requestMultiplePermissions.launch(
    arrayOf(
        Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    )
)

Answer 2

Kotlin 中的简单方法

import android.Manifest
import android.content.Context
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.os.Build
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment

class MyFragment : Fragment() {

companion object {
    val TAG: String = MyFragment::class.java.simpleName
    var PERMISSIONS = arrayOf(
        Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    )
}

private val permReqLauncher =
    registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { permissions ->
        val granted = permissions.entries.all {
            it.value == true
        }
        if (granted) {
            displayCameraFragment()
        }
    }

private fun takePhoto() {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
        displayCameraFragment()
        return
    }
    activity?.let {
        if (hasPermissions(activity as Context, PERMISSIONS)) {
            displayCameraFragment()
        } else {
            permReqLauncher.launch(
                PERMISSIONS
            )
        }
    }
}

// util method
private fun hasPermissions(context: Context, permissions: Array<String>): Boolean = permissions.all {
    ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, it) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
}

private fun displayCameraFragment() {
    // open camera fragment
}
}

Answer 3

替代registerForActivityResult

使用示例：

 private fun permissionSetup() {
    val permission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
        requireContext(), Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)

    if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        permissionsResultCallback.launch(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
    } else {
        println("Permission isGranted")
    }
}

private val permissionsResultCallback = registerForActivityResult(
    ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()){
    when (it) {
        true -> { println("Permission has been granted by user") }
        false -> {
            Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "Permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
            dialog.dismiss()
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

在您的 Activity 或 Fragment 中注册权限回调。处理用户权限示例-存储权限

 private final ActivityResultLauncher<String> requestPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
        new ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission(),
        result -> {
            if (result) {
                  //Permission granted
 
            } else {
               //permission denied
                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                    //show permission snackbar
                } else {
                   //display error dialog
                }
            }

        });

请求权限。注册的ActivityResultCallback获取本次请求的结果。

if (checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PermissionChecker.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
                } else {
                    //Permission already granted 
                }

Answer 5

假设我们需要获取一些权限，例如音频和摄像头。然后我们可以将它放在数组变量中。

  private val REQUESTED_PERMISSIONS =
            arrayOf(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)

当我们使用多个权限数组启动时，此

registerForActivityResult

 会调用。

private val requestMultiplePermissions = registerForActivityResult(
        ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()
    ) { permissions ->
        permissions.entries.forEach {
            Log.d("DEBUG", "${it.key} = ${it.value}")
            if (!it.value){
                return@registerForActivityResult
            }
        }
        init()
    }

现在我们创建一个函数来检查是否已授予权限。

   private fun checkSelfPermission(): Boolean {
        return !(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
            requireContext(),
            REQUESTED_PERMISSIONS[0]
        ) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
                    requireContext(),
                    REQUESTED_PERMISSIONS[1]
                ) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
    }

现在我们通过

onCreate

 方法检查是否授予权限。如果未授予权限，则我们调用

requestMultiplePermissions.launch(REQUESTED_PERMISSIONS)

 like

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        if (!checkSelfPermission()) {
            requestMultiplePermissions.launch(REQUESTED_PERMISSIONS)
        }
    }

Answer 6

这对我有用 - (kotlin):

private fun checkPermissions() {
    if (mContext?.let {
        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
            it,
            READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
        )
    } != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    Log.d(TAG, "Request Permissions")
    requestMultiplePermissions.launch(
        arrayOf(READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE))
 } else {
        Log.d(TAG, "Permission Already Granted")
    }
}

private val requestMultiplePermissions =
    registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { permissions ->
        permissions.entries.forEach {
            Log.d(TAG, "${it.key} = ${it.value}")
        }
        if (permissions[READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE] == true && permissions[WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE] == true) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Permission granted")
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "Permission not granted")
        }
    }

Answer 7

大多数答案都满足了 OP 要求。但我发现缺少一些东西，所以我想提供一个完整的例子（在 Koltin 中）

class ProfileFragment : Fragment(){

private lateinit var permissionRequest : ActivityResultLauncher<Array<String>>

companion object {
      
    val LOCATION_PERMISSIONS = arrayOf(
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
        )
    }

    private fun getGpsLocation() {
        if(activity != null){
            permissionRequest.launch(LOCATION_PERMISSIONS)
        }
    }

    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

        binding.locBtn.setOnClickListener { getGpsLocation() }
    }


    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        registerPermissionRequest()
    }
        
    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View {

        binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.fragment_profile, container, false)
       
        return binding.root
    }
    
    private fun registerPermissionRequest(){
            var permissionCount = 0
            permissionRequest = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { permissions ->
                permissions.entries.forEach {
                    if(it.value){
                        permissionCount++
                    }
    
                }
    
                if(permissionCount == 2){
                    getMyLocation()
                }
            }
        }
    }

缺少的东西是

A)Fragment 在创建之前必须调用 registerForActivityResult()（即初始化、onAttach() 或 onCreate()）。否则它将无法工作并且应用程序会崩溃。

错误：

java.lang.IllegalStateException：片段ProfileFragment {bf12414}（210ad5a1-3286-4586-a48f-deac1d8e3eef id=0x7f09008b) 正在尝试注册ForActivityResult 后创建的。片段必须在调用之前调用 registerForActivityResult() 被创建（即初始化、onAttach() 或 onCreate()）。

B) 建议在确实需要时请求许可。在我的示例中，当用户单击 id 为

Button

的

locBtn

 时，将显示权限对话框，而不是显示创建活动/片段的时间。

Answer 8

请参考官方文档：

https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting

查看以下内容，可以在文档中找到。

// Register the permissions callback, which handles the user's response to the
// system permissions dialog. Save the return value, an instance of
// ActivityResultLauncher. You can use either a val, as shown in this snippet,
// or a lateinit var in your onAttach() or onCreate() method.
val requestPermissionLauncher =
    registerForActivityResult(RequestPermission()
    ) { isGranted: Boolean ->
        if (isGranted) {
            // Permission is granted. Continue the action or workflow in your
            // app.
        } else {
            // Explain to the user that the feature is unavailable because the
            // features requires a permission that the user has denied. At the
            // same time, respect the user's decision. Don't link to system
            // settings in an effort to convince the user to change their
            // decision.
        }
    }

之后，发起请求

when {
    ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
            CONTEXT,
            Manifest.permission.REQUESTED_PERMISSION
            ) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED -> {
        // You can use the API that requires the permission.
    }
    //Is not needed for it to work, but is a good practice as it plays a role
    //in letting user know why the permission is needed.
    shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(...) -> {
        // In an educational UI, explain to the user why your app requires this
        // permission for a specific feature to behave as expected. In this UI,
        // include a "cancel" or "no thanks" button that allows the user to
        // continue using your app without granting the permission.
        showInContextUI(...)
    }
    else -> {
        // You can directly ask for the permission.
        // The registered ActivityResultCallback gets the result of this request.
        requestPermissionLauncher.launch(
                Manifest.permission.REQUESTED_PERMISSION)
    }
}

Answer 9

您可以使用一些外部库进行权限处理，以减少一些样板代码。我使用

Dexter 库。如果您使用 RxJava2，Rx Permissions 也是不错的选择。

Answer 10

在 pubspec.yamal 的 flutter 部分尝试一下：

 plugin:
    androidPackage: com.ly.permission
    pluginClass: PermissionPlugin

它对我有用。

Android - onRequestPermissionsResult() 已弃用。还有其他选择吗？

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Android - onRequestPermissionsResult() 已弃用。还有其他选择吗？

问题描述 投票：0回答：10

10个回答

最新问题

问题描述投票：0回答：10