Java Spring API NoClassDefFoundError：javax/persistence/EntityManagerFactory

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我想用 Spring 创建我的第一个 Java API，所以首先我决定制作一个简单的 API，它允许列出所有人、按 id 列出一个人并创建一个人。我成功编译了，但是当我运行 

./mvnw spring-boot:run
时出现此错误：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityManagerFactory
        at org.springframework.data.jpa.util.BeanDefinitionUtils.<clinit>(BeanDefinitionUtils.java:57) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.EntityManagerBeanDefinitionRegistrarPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(EntityManagerBeanDefinitionRegistrarPostProcessor.java:72) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:325) ~[spring-context-5.3.31.jar:5.3.31]
        at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:191) ~[spring-context-5.3.31.jar:5.3.31]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:756) ~[spring-context-5.3.31.jar:5.3.31]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:572) ~[spring-context-5.3.31.jar:5.3.31]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:732) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:409) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1300) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1289) ~[spring-boot-2.7.18.jar:2.7.18]
        at com.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:10) ~[classes/:na]
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory
        at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:527) ~[na:na]
        ... 13 common frames omitted

我的项目结构：

.
├── mvnw
├── mvnw.cmd
├── pom.xml
├── src
│   ├── main
│   │   ├── java
│   │   │   └── com
│   │   │       └── example
│   │   │           └── demo
│   │   │               ├── controller
│   │   │               │   └── PersonController.java
│   │   │               ├── DemoApplication.java
│   │   │               ├── model
│   │   │               │   └── Person.java
│   │   │               └── repository
│   │   │                   └── PersonRepository.java
│   │   └── resources
│   │       ├── application.properties
│   │       ├── data.sql
│   │       ├── schema.sql
│   │       ├── static
│   │       └── templates
│   └── test
└── target

我的个人控制器：

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.model.Person;
import com.example.demo.repository.PersonRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/persons")
public class PersonController {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    @GetMapping
    public List<Person> getAllPersons() {
        return personRepository.findAll();
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Person getPersonById(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return personRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);
    }

    @PostMapping
    public Person createPerson(@RequestBody Person person) {
        return personRepository.save(person);
    }
}

我的人物课程：

package com.example.demo.model;

import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;
import java.time.LocalDate;

@Entity
public class Person {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String nom;
    private String prenom;
    private LocalDate dateNaissance;
    private String numTelephone;
    private String mail;
    
}

我的pom.xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
       <version>2.7.18</version>
       <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
       <java.version>11</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
       <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
          <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
          <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
          <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
          <groupId>jakarta.persistence</groupId>
          <artifactId>jakarta.persistence-api</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
       </dependency>
       <!--<dependency>
          <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
       </dependency>-->


    </dependencies>

    <build>
       <plugins>
          <plugin>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          </plugin>
          <plugin>
             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
             <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
             <version>3.8.1</version>
             <configuration>
                <source>11</source>
                <target>11</target>
             </configuration>
          </plugin>
       </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

我将 OpenJDK 11 与 Maven 一起使用，如果我理解正确的话，javax 已被 jakarta 替换，因此我修改了 pom.xml 中的依赖项，但我不知道为什么错误仍然引用 javax。
我尝试用 javax.persistence 替换 jakarta.persistence 依赖项，但它现在无法编译，所以我认为这不是一个好方法。

有人有什么想法可以帮助 Java 菜鸟吗？

java spring spring-boot maven
1个回答
0
投票

在新的 Spring 版本中，“javax.xxx”包导入应替换为“jakarta.xxx”。但是，由于您使用的是较旧的 Spring boot 版本 (2.7.18)，因此无需更改它。您必须继续导入“javax.xxx”。 （或更新至 Spring 3.x 版本）。

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