whis 是仅在 gdb 外部出现代码段错误

Question

我有一些代码执行相对简单的操作

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <curses.h>

char map[3600] = {
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1
};
int getblock(int x,int y)
{
    

    
    return(map[x + 80 * y]);
}
int colread(char chr)
{
    switch(chr)
    {
        case 'k':
            return(COLOR_BLACK);
            break;
        case 'r':
            return(COLOR_RED);
            break;
        case 'g':
            return(COLOR_GREEN);
            break;
        case 'y':
            return(COLOR_YELLOW);
            break;
        case 'b':
            return(COLOR_BLUE);
            break;
        case 'm':
            return(COLOR_MAGENTA);
            break;
        case 'c':
            return(COLOR_MAGENTA);
            break;
        case 'w':
            return(COLOR_WHITE);
            break;

    }
        
}
void colinit()
{
    init_pair(0,COLOR_BLACK, COLOR_BLACK);
    init_pair(1,COLOR_BLACK,COLOR_WHITE);
    init_pair(3,COLOR_BLACK,COLOR_YELLOW);
    init_pair(26,COLOR_BLUE,COLOR_BLUE);
}
void colman(char bg,char fg)
{
    int bgint = colread(bg);
    int fgint = colread(fg);
    if(bgint == 0 && fgint == 1)
    {
        attrset(0);
        attron(A_BOLD);
    }
    else
    {
        attron(COLOR_PAIR(bgint*8+fgint));
    }
    
}
void pixrender(int x,int y){/*oh god please no*/
addstr("rendered pixel");refresh();
char coord[3];
sprintf(coord,"%d",x);
addstr("(");
addstr(coord);
addstr(",");
sprintf(coord,"%d",y);
addstr(coord);
addstr(")");
/*

b blue
r red
w white
k black
blue for blocks, white for spikes
*/
char fku = 'f';
char spritesheet[144] = {
//         0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1
/*empty */' ','x','n','v','d','b',' ',' ','-','_','[',']',
/*block */'*','X',fku,'V','d','b',' ',' ',fku,fku,'[',']',
/*spup  */'^','A','M','N','&','&',' ',' ','A',fku,'P','9',
/*spdwn */'Y',fku,'<','<','<','Z',' ',' ',fku,fku,fku,fku,
/*splft */'9','9','<','<','<','Z',' ',' ','<','<','<',fku,
/*sprht */'P','P','>','>','Z','>',' ',' ','>','>',fku,'>',
/*lava  */' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',
/*ice   */' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',
/*owup  */'~','~',fku,'T','Z','Z',' ',' ','~',fku,'[',']',
/*owdown*/'-','x','7','v','z','z',' ',' ','-','=','[',']',
/*owleft*/'[','[','9','Y','<','<',' ',' ','[','L','[','|',
/*owrht */']','h','R','j','>','>',' ',' ','[',']','|',']'
};
char bgsheet[144] = {
//         0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1
/*empty */'k','b','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*block */'b','b',fku,'k','k','k','k','k',fku,fku,'k','k',
/*spup  */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*spdwn */'k',fku,'k','k','k','k','k','k',fku,fku,fku,fku,
/*splft */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',fku,
/*sprht */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',fku,'k',
/*lava  */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*ice   */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*owup  */'k','k',fku,'k','k','k','k','k','k',fku,'k','k',
/*owdown*/'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*owleft*/'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
/*owrht */'k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k','k',
};
char fgsheet[144] = {
//         0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1
/*empty */'k','b','w','w','w','w',' ',' ','y','y','y','y',
/*block */'b','b',fku,'w','w','w',' ',' ',fku,fku,'y','y',
/*spup  */'w','w','w','w','w','w',' ',' ','y',fku,'y','y',
/*spdwn */'w',fku,'w','w','w','w',' ',' ',fku,fku,fku,fku,
/*splft */'w','w','w','w','w','w',' ',' ','y','y','y',fku,
/*sprht */'w','w','w','w','w','w',' ',' ','y','y',fku,'y',
/*lava  */' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',
/*ice   */' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',
/*owup  */'y','y',fku,'y','y','y',' ',' ','y',fku,'y','y',
/*owdown*/'y','y','y','y','y','y',' ',' ','-','y','y','y',
/*owleft*/'y','[','y','Y','y','y',' ',' ','y','y','y','y',
/*owrht */'y','h','y','y','y','y',' ',' ','y','y','y','y'
};
//segfault before here
int pos = getblock(x,2*y) + 12 * getblock(x,2*y+1);

colman(bgsheet[pos],fgsheet[pos]);
char cstr[2] = "\0";
cstr[0] = spritesheet[pos];
attron(A_BOLD);//why does this have to be here

addstr(cstr);
}
void render()
{
    int y = 24;
    int x;
    while (y >= 0)
    {
        x = 0;
        while(x < 80)
        {
            pixrender(x,y);
            x++;
        }
        if (y > 0)
        {
            addstr("\n");
        }
        y-=1;
    }
    clear();
    refresh();
        
}

void game()
{

    colinit();
    while (true)
    {
        render();

    }
}
int main()
{
    
    initscr();

    
    start_color();
    attron(A_BOLD);
    game();
    endwin();
    return(0);

}

并且它可以工作......但仅在gdb中，当在gdb之外运行相同的a.out时，它会由于段错误而崩溃，有谁知道哪种交互可能会导致这种情况（或者是否是某些特定的代码相关问题） ，我能找到的最相关的东西是https://www.reddit.com/r/cprogramming/comments/18k3o01/issue_with_segfault_when_running_code_outside_of/，但似乎不会有任何潜在的内存问题，也没有任何数据库所以不应该有任何恐惧，这可能是某种未定义的行为吗？

Answer 1

cstr[0]=spritesheet[pos] 不应该存在