将JSON发布到Python CGI

问题描述 投票:8回答:2

我有Apache2安装和Python工作。

我虽然遇到了问题。我有两页。

一个是Python页面,另一个是带有JQuery的Html页面

有人可以告诉我如何让我的ajax帖子正常工作。

<html>
<head>

</head>
<body>
<script>
    $(function()
    {
        alert('Im going to start processing');

        $.ajax({
            url: "saveList.py",
            type: "post",
            data: {'param':{"hello":"world"}},
            dataType: "application/json",
            success : function(response)
            {
                alert(response);
            }
        });
    });
</script>
</body>
</html>

和Python代码

import sys
import json

def index(req):
    result = {'success':'true','message':'The Command Completed Successfully'};

    data = sys.stdin.read();

    myjson = json.loads(data);

    return str(myjson);
jquery python html ajax
2个回答
10
投票

好的,让我们转到您更新的问题。

首先,您应该以字符串表示形式传递Ajax数据属性。然后,由于你混合dataTypecontentType属性,将dataType值更改为"json"

$.ajax({
    url: "saveList.py",
    type: "post",
    data: JSON.stringify({'param':{"hello":"world"}}),
    dataType: "json",
    success: function(response) {
        alert(response);
    }
});

最后,修改您的代码以使用JSON请求,如下所示:

#!/usr/bin/python

import sys, json

result = {'success':'true','message':'The Command Completed Successfully'};

myjson = json.load(sys.stdin)
# Do something with 'myjson' object

print 'Content-Type: application/json\n\n'
print json.dumps(result)    # or "json.dump(result, sys.stdout)"

因此,在Ajax请求的success处理程序中,您将收到successmessage属性的对象。


0
投票

你应该读这样的json数据:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import os
import sys
import json

content_len = int(os.environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"])

req_body = sys.stdin.read(content_len)
my_dict = json.loads(req_body)

使用以下代码,您可能会遇到问题:

 myjson = json.load(sys.stdin)

或者写得不那么简洁:

requ_body = sys.stdin.read()
my_dict = json.load(requ_body)

当我的cgi脚本位于apache服务器上时,这对我有用,但你不能指望它一般工作 - 因为我发现当我的cgi脚本在另一台服务器上时。根据cgi规范:

RFC 3875                    CGI Version 1.1                 October 2004


4.2.  Request Message-Body

   Request data is accessed by the script in a system-defined method;
   unless defined otherwise, this will be by reading the 'standard
   input' file descriptor or file handle.

      Request-Data   = [ request-body ] [ extension-data ]
      request-body   = <CONTENT_LENGTH>OCTET
      extension-data = *OCTET

   A request-body is supplied with the request if the CONTENT_LENGTH is
   not NULL.  The server MUST make at least that many bytes available
   for the script to read.  The server MAY signal an end-of-file
   condition after CONTENT_LENGTH bytes have been read or it MAY supply
   extension data.  Therefore, the script MUST NOT attempt to read more
   than CONTENT_LENGTH bytes, even if more data is available.  However,
   it is not obliged to read any of the data.

关键是:

即使有更多数据可用,脚本也不得尝试读取超过CONTENT_LENGTH个字节的内容。

显然,apache在将请求主体发送到cgi脚本后立即向cgi脚本发送一个eof信号,这会导致sys.stdin.read()返回。但根据cgi规范,服务器不需要在请求正文后发送eof信号,我发现我的cgi脚本挂在sys.stdin.read()上 - 当我的脚本在另一台服务器上时,最终导致超时错误。

因此,为了在一般情况下读入json数据,您应该这样做:

content_len = int(os.environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"])

req_body = sys.stdin.read(content_len)
my_dict = json.loads(req_body)

服务器为cgi脚本设置了一堆环境变量,其中包含头信息,其中一个是CONTENT_LENGTH。

这是我使用myjson = json.load(sys.stdin)时失败的curl请求的样子:

-v      verbose output
-H      specify one header
--data  implicitly specifies a POST request 

Note that curl automatically calculates a Content-Length header 
for you.

~$ curl -v \
> -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
> --data '{"a": 1, "b": 2}' \
> http://localhost:65451/cgi-bin/1.py

*   Trying ::1...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connection failed
* connect to ::1 port 65451 failed: Connection refused
*   Trying 127.0.0.1...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 65451 (#0)
> POST /cgi-bin/1.py HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:65451
> User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
> Accept: */*
> Content-Type: application/json
> Content-Length: 16
> 
* upload completely sent off: 16 out of 16 bytes

=== hung here for about 5 seconds ====

< HTTP/1.1 504 Gateway Time-out
< Date: Thu, 08 Mar 2018 17:53:30 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
< Server: inets/6.4.5
* no chunk, no close, no size. Assume close to signal end
< 
* Closing connection 0
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