2个子网上的docker容器如何访问互联网? (使用docker-compose)

问题描述 投票:4回答:2

我有一个有2个子网的容器:

  • 一个是反向代理子网
  • 第二个是该项目的不同容器的内部子网

容器需要访问外部SMTP服务器(在mailgun.com上),但看起来,使用docker-compose,您可以将容器放在一个或多个子网上,同时让它访问主机网络。

有没有办法让这个容器启动与外界的连接?

如果没有,使用了哪些常见的解决方法? (例如,向主机网络上的容器添加额外的IP等)

这是docker撰写文件:

version: '2.3'

services:

  keycloak:
    container_name: keycloak
    image: jboss/keycloak
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - '/appdata/keycloak:/opt/jboss/keycloak/standalone/data'
    expose:
      - 8080
    external_links:
      - auth
    networks:
      - default
      - nginx
    environment:
      KEYCLOAK_USER: XXXX
      KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD: XXXX
      PROXY_ADDRESS_FORWARDING: 'true'
      ES_JAVA_OPTS: '-Xms512m -Xmx512m'
      VIRTUAL_HOST: auth.XXXX.com
      VIRTUAL_PORT: 80
      LETSENCRYPT_HOST: auth.XXXX.com
      LETSENTRYPT_EMAIL: [email protected]


networks:
  default:
    external:
      name: app-network
  nginx:
    external:
      name: nginx-proxy

网络如下:

$ dk network ls
NETWORK ID          NAME                DRIVER              SCOPE
caba49ae8b1c        bridge              bridge              local
2b311986a6f6        app-network         bridge              local
67f70f82aea2        host                host                local
9e0e2fe50385        nginx-proxy         bridge              local
dab9f171e37f        none                null                local

和nginx-proxy网络信息是:

$ dk network inspect nginx-proxy
[
{
    "Name": "nginx-proxy",
    "Id": "9e0e2fe503857c5bc532032afb6646598ee0a08e834f4bd89b87b35db1739dae",
    "Created": "2019-02-18T10:16:38.949628821Z",
    "Scope": "local",
    "Driver": "bridge",
    "EnableIPv6": false,
    "IPAM": {
        "Driver": "default",
        "Options": {},
        "Config": [
            {
                "Subnet": "172.18.0.0/16",
                "Gateway": "172.18.0.1"
            }
        ]
    },
    "Internal": false,
    "Attachable": false,
    "Ingress": false,
    "ConfigFrom": {
        "Network": ""
    },
    "ConfigOnly": false,
    "Containers": {
        "360b49ab066853a25cd739a4c1464a9ac25fe56132c596ce48a5f01465d07d12": {
            "Name": "keycloak",
            "EndpointID": "271ed86cac77db76f69f6e76686abddefa871b92bb60a007eb131de4e6a8cb53",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:04",
            "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.4/16",
            "IPv6Address": ""
        },
        "379dfe83d6739612c82e99f3e8ad9fcdfe5ebb8cdc5d780e37a3212a3bf6c11b": {
            "Name": "nginx-proxy",
            "EndpointID": "0fcf186c6785dd585b677ccc98fa68cc9bc66c4ae02d086155afd82c7c465fef",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03",
            "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.3/16",
            "IPv6Address": ""
        },
        "4c944078bcb1cca2647be30c516b8fa70b45293203b355f5d5e00b800ad9a0d4": {
            "Name": "adminmongo",
            "EndpointID": "65f1a7a0f0bcef37ba02b98be8fa1f29a8d7868162482ac0b957f73764f73ccf",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:06",
            "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.6/16",
            "IPv6Address": ""
        },
        "671cc99775e09077edc72617836fa563932675800cb938397597e17d521c53fe": {
            "Name": "portainer",
            "EndpointID": "950e4b5dcd5ba2a13acba37f50e315483123d7da673c8feac9a0f8d6f8b9eb2b",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
            "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.2/16",
            "IPv6Address": ""
        },
        "90a98111cbdebe76920ac2ebc50dafa5ea77eba9f42197216fcd57bad9e0516e": {
            "Name": "kibana",
            "EndpointID": "fe1768274eec9c02c28c74be0104326052b9b9a9c98d475015cd80fba82ec45d",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:05",
            "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.5/16",
            "IPv6Address": ""
        }
    },
    "Options": {},
    "Labels": {}
}
]

更新:

进行了以下测试以测试lbndev提出的解决方案:

测试网络已创建:

# docker network create \
       -o "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc"="true" \
       -o "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade"="true" \
       -o "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4"="0.0.0.0" \
       -o"com.docker.network.driver.mtu"="1500" \
       test_network
e21057cf83eec70e9cfeed459d79521fb57e9f08477b729a8c8880ea83891ed9

我们可以显示内容:

# docker inspect test_network
[
{
    "Name": "test_network",
    "Id": "e21057cf83eec70e9cfeed459d79521fb57e9f08477b729a8c8880ea83891ed9",
    "Created": "2019-02-24T21:52:44.678870135+01:00",
    "Scope": "local",
    "Driver": "bridge",
    "EnableIPv6": false,
    "IPAM": {
        "Driver": "default",
        "Options": {},
        "Config": [
            {
                "Subnet": "172.22.0.0/16",
                "Gateway": "172.22.0.1"
            }
        ]
    },
    "Internal": false,
    "Attachable": false,
    "Ingress": false,
    "ConfigFrom": {
        "Network": ""
    },
    "ConfigOnly": false,
    "Containers": {},
    "Options": {
        "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc": "true",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade": "true",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4": "0.0.0.0",
        "com.docker.network.driver.mtu": "1500"
    },
    "Labels": {}
}
]

然后我们可以检查容器:

我把内容放在pastebin:https://pastebin.com/5bJ7A9Yp上,因为它非常大,会让这个帖子变得难以理解。

和测试:

# docker exec -it 5d09230158dd sh
sh-4.2$ ping 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
11 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 10006ms

所以,我们无法使这个解决方案起作用。

docker docker-compose docker-networking
2个回答
0
投票

看起来您的桥接网络缺少一些选项,以允许它到达外部世界。

尝试执行docker network inspect bridge(默认桥接网络)。你会在选项中看到这个:

...
        "Options": {
            "com.docker.network.bridge.default_bridge": "true",
            "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc": "true",
            "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade": "true",
            "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4": "0.0.0.0",
            "com.docker.network.bridge.name": "docker0",
            "com.docker.network.driver.mtu": "1500"
        },
...

在您的nginx代理网络上,这些都丢失了。

您应该删除您的网络并使用这些附加选项重新创建它。来自the documentation on user-defined bridged networksdocker network create command

docker network create \
      -o "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc"="true" \
      -o "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade"="true" \
      -o "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4"="0.0.0.0" \
      -o"com.docker.network.driver.mtu"="1500" \
      nginx-proxy

是否启用ICC取决于您自己。

使您能够访问邮件服务器的是ip_masquerade以启用。如果没有这种设置,您的物理基础设施(=网络路由器)将需要正确路由docker网络子网的IP(我认为不是这种情况)。

或者,您可以配置docker network的子网,ip范围和网关,以匹配物理网络的子网。


0
投票

最后,问题变得非常简单:

在daemon.json文件中,在docker config中,有以下行:

{“iptables”:false,“dns”:[“1.1.1.1”,“1.0.0.1”]}

它来自我们一直在使用的设置脚本,我们不知道iptables:false

它可以防止docker更新主机的iptables;虽然桥网络设置正确,但与外界无法进行通信。

虽然性质简单,但事实证明它很长,因此我将其作为答案发布,希望它可以帮助某人。

感谢所有参与解决此问题的人!

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