编辑:在帖子底部添加了一个可供查看的工作解决方案。
因此,每次我接触xml时,我都想撞墙。通常是为了编写文件,我最终设法找到解决所有不一致的方法,但是这次我必须解析文档。
这里是场景:我有一个xml文档,其中列出游戏和每个游戏的某些属性(或子节点?实际上我不确定)。我想要的是:
For each game:
Gets it's path, name, and genre
Build a Game object with this
Store the object in an array list
我了解“ findall”命令,但不了解如何在它们之间链接数据。由于它是一棵树,我想我应该能够从一个游戏到另一个游戏,获取所需的数据,然后继续进行下一个游戏,但是我被困住了。
所以这是我需要解析的xml文件的摘录:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<gameList>
<provider>
<System>Megadrive</System>
<software>Skraper</software>
<database>ScreenScraper.fr</database>
<web>http://www.screenscraper.fr</web>
</provider>
<game id="574" source="ScreenScraper.fr">
<path>./3 Ninjas Kick Back.zip</path>
<name>3 Ninjas Kick Back</name>
<genre>Platform-Action</genre>
</game>
<game id="394" source="ScreenScraper.fr">
<path>./688 Attack Sub.zip</path>
<name>688 Attack Sub</name>
<genre>Simulation</genre>
</game>
</gameList>
这是我当前的代码,在沙箱中,正在尝试并遇到状态:
import os
from xml.etree import ElementTree
class GameListParser:
GAMELIST_FILE = 'gamelist.xml'
GAMELIST_KEY = "gameList"
GAME_KEY = "game"
GENRE_KEY = "genre"
PATH_KEY = "path"
NAME_KEY = "name"
keys_map = {
GAMELIST_KEY: {
GAME_KEY: [NAME_KEY, GENRE_KEY, PATH_KEY]
}
}
def __init__(self, gamelist_path):
self.gamelist = os.path.join(gamelist_path, self.GAMELIST_FILE)
self.parsed_gamelist = None
self.__parse()
def __parse(self):
self.parsed_gamelist = ElementTree.parse(self.gamelist)
def __get_root(self):
return self.parsed_gamelist.getroot()
def get_all_games(self):
return self.parsed_gamelist.findall(self.GAME_KEY)
def print_games_details(self):
for node in self.get_all_games():
for game in node.getiterator():
name = game.attrib.get(self.NAME_KEY)
genre = game.attrib.get(self.GENRE_KEY)
[我只希望使用print_games_details
方法来打印游戏数据,但实际上节点和游戏对象是相同的,因此名称和类型均为None,我不检索所需的数据。
我很确定这很简单,但是我一生中只能使用xml 3-4次,而我唯一必须解析为对象的是C ++,它是系统的完整重构。另外两次是在Matlab和Python中,将方向对象指向xml文件。每次遇到麻烦时,我都无法理解树的逻辑,如何解析/创建树,并且在线资源对我没有太大帮助。
编辑:所以我研究了一个解决方案,尽管它给了我结果,但我希望我对此完全不满意。我的问题是这种解决方案意味着我只需要遍历xml文件的结构就可以了。
我无法用它来做一些通用的事情,这是我使用xml方法时主要关注的问题之一。
如果你们中的任何一个都可以请以下代码并提供反馈和改进,我将不胜感激:
import os
from xml.etree import ElementTree
class GameListParser:
GAMELIST_FILE = 'gamelist.xml'
GAME_ID = 'id'
GAME_KEY = "game"
GENRE_KEY = "genre"
PATH_KEY = "path"
NAME_KEY = "name"
keys_map = [NAME_KEY, GENRE_KEY, PATH_KEY]
game_map = {}
def __init__(self, gamelist_path):
self.gamelist = os.path.join(gamelist_path, self.GAMELIST_FILE)
self.parsed_gamelist = None
self.__parse()
def __str__(self):
text_output = []
for game_id, game in self.game_map.items():
text_output.append("Game " + game_id + " has properties:")
for key, value in game.items():
text_output.append(key + ": " + value)
text_output.append("\n")
return "\n".join(text_output)
def __get_game_id(self, game):
return game.get(self.GAME_ID)
def __game_is_valid(self, game):
return self.__get_game_id(game) is not None
def __get_all_games(self):
return self.parsed_gamelist.findall(self.GAME_KEY)
def __process_all_games(self):
for game in self.__get_all_games():
self.__process_game_nodes(game)
def __process_game_nodes(self, game):
if self.__game_is_valid(game):
details = {}
self.game_map[self.__get_game_id(game)] = details
for key in self.keys_map:
game_child = game.find(key)
if game_child is not None:
details[key] = game_child.text
else:
details[key] = ""
def __parse(self):
self.parsed_gamelist = ElementTree.parse(self.gamelist)
self.__process_all_games()
[推荐第三方库:SimplifiedDoc。点安装-U简化_scrapy
from simplified_scrapy import SimplifiedDoc
html = '''
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<gameList>
<provider>
<System>Megadrive</System>
<software>Skraper</software>
<database>ScreenScraper.fr</database>
<web>http://www.screenscraper.fr</web>
</provider>
<game id="574" source="ScreenScraper.fr">
<path>./3 Ninjas Kick Back.zip</path>
<name>3 Ninjas Kick Back</name>
<genre>Platform-Action</genre>
</game>
<game id="394" source="ScreenScraper.fr">
<path>./688 Attack Sub.zip</path>
<name>688 Attack Sub</name>
<genre>Simulation</genre>
</game>
</gameList>
'''
doc = SimplifiedDoc(html)
games = doc.gameList.games
datas = [[g.path.text,g.name.text,g.genre.text] for g in games]
print (datas)
结果:
[['./3 Ninjas Kick Back.zip', '3 Ninjas Kick Back', 'Platform-Action'], ['./688 Attack Sub.zip', '688 Attack Sub', 'Simulation']]
这里有更多示例:https://github.com/yiyedata/simplified-scrapy-demo/tree/master/doc_examples