QList 没有这样的文件或目录

Question

当我尝试编译程序时；

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#include <QList>
#include <QString>

#include <QtDebug>

void fillAndPrint()
{
  QList<QString> list;
  list << "foo" << "bar" << "baz";

  QString s;
  foreach( s, list )
    qDebug() << s;
}

void constIterators()
{
  QList<int> list;
  list << 23 << 27 << 52 << 52;
  
  QListIterator<int> javaIter( list );
  while( javaIter.hasNext() )
    qDebug() << javaIter.next();
    
  QList<int>::const_iterator stlIter;
  for( stlIter = list.begin(); stlIter != list.end(); ++stlIter )
    qDebug() << (*stlIter);
}

void mutableIterators()
{
  QList<int> list;
  list << 27 << 33 << 61 << 62;
  
  QMutableListIterator<int> javaIter( list );
  while( javaIter.hasNext() )
  {
    int value = javaIter.next() + 1;
    javaIter.setValue( value );
    qDebug() << value;
  }
  
  QList<int>::Iterator stlIter;
  for( stlIter = list.begin(); stlIter != list.end(); ++stlIter )
  {
    (*stlIter) = (*stlIter)*2;
    qDebug() << (*stlIter);
  }
}

void insertAndPrint()
{
  QList<QString> list;

  list << "first";
  list.append( "second" );
  list.prepend( "third" );
  list.insert( 1, "fourth" );
  list.insert( 4, "fifth" );
  
  QString s;
  foreach( s, list )
    qDebug() << s;
}

void miscExamples()
{
  QList<int> list;
  for( int i=0; i<10; i++ )
    list << i;
    
  int sum = list[5] + list.at(7);
}

int main( void )
{
  qDebug() << "Fill and print";
  fillAndPrint();
  
  qDebug() << "Const iterators";  
  constIterators();
  
  qDebug() << "Mutable iterators";
  mutableIterators();

  qDebug() << "Insert and print";
  insertAndPrint();  

  return 0;
}

...我收到了无法安装的错误

QList

:

$ LC_ALL=C g++ -Wall -g -o e qlist.cpp
qlist.cpp:32:10: fatal error: QList: No such file or directory
   32 | #include <QList>
      |          ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.

我搜索了包含

QList

的包裹，但没有找到。

apt

（我的包管理器）有这样的包吗？

Answer 1

直接调用编译器对于测试简单的 hello-world 程序很有好处，但在使用库时很快就会变得难以管理。我相信您面临的问题是因为 g++ 不知道在哪里可以找到 Qt。

使用一些项目管理器，例如 cmake。

---

1) 首先，确保您已安装所需的软件包。

$ sudo apt install cmake qt6-base-dev build-essential

2）在项目的根目录下创建一个简单的 CMakeLists.txt 文件（注意：名称很重要，它应该准确无误

CMakeLists.txt

touch CMakeLists.txt

内容如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)

project(QList)

find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Core REQUIRED)

add_executable(QList qlist.cpp)
target_link_libraries(QList PRIVATE Qt6::Core)

此文件说明以下内容：

• 创建一个名为 QList 的项目
• 构建一个名为“QList”的可执行文件
• 将 qlist.cpp 添加为 QList 的源
• 在系统中搜索 Qt6 库，并将其链接到 QList 可执行文件。

3）构建您的项目

mkdir -p build & cd build

cmake ..

cmake --build -j 10

4）执行

./QList