Hibernate 的基于映射的表创建不起作用：java.sql.SQLException：无法添加外键约束

Question

我在 SQL 脚本方面遇到了很多困难。最后，我让他们工作得很好。然后，出于纯粹的兴趣，我删除了表并尝试了 Hibernate 的默认模式创建（基于

@Entity

映射）

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
-- I'll omit the population part to make it more MRE-ish
-- spring.sql.init.mode=always
-- spring.sql.init.data-locations=classpath:/sql/data.sql

这是我得到的

2023-04-20T06:02:20.227+03:00  WARN 1196 --- [           main] o.h.t.s.i.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl     : GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL "create table users (id bigint not null auto_increment, age tinyint not null, department varchar(255) not null, email varchar(255), enabled tinyint not null, last_name varchar(255) not null, name varchar(255) not null, password varchar(255) not null, salary integer, username varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) engine=InnoDB" via JDBC Statement

org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL "create table users (id bigint not null auto_increment, age tinyint not null, department varchar(255) not null, email varchar(255), enabled tinyint not null, last_name varchar(255) not null, name varchar(255) not null, password varchar(255) not null, salary integer, username varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) engine=InnoDB" via JDBC Statement
    at

-- I'll skip a ton of presumably unhelpful lines to make it more MRE-ish

Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot add foreign key constraint

为什么会这样，在选择依赖 Hibernate 的默认模式创建时如何避免此错误？ 您可能已经注意到 Hibernate 的 SQL 语句没有创建 FK（至少没有明确地）。这是我的

@Entity

课程：

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Getter
@Setter
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class User implements UserDetails {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String username;
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String password;
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "last_name", nullable = false)
    private String lastName;
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String department;
    @Column
    private int salary;
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private byte age;
    @Column
    private String email;
    @Column(name = "enabled", nullable = false)
    private byte enabledByte;
    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "user_role",
            joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
                    @JoinColumn(name = "username", referencedColumnName = "username")},
            inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "role_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
                    @JoinColumn(name = "role", referencedColumnName = "role")})
    @EqualsAndHashCode.Exclude
    private Set<Role> authorities;

@Entity
@Table(name = "roles")
@Getter
@Setter
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class Role implements GrantedAuthority {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    @Column(name = "role", nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String authority;
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "authorities")
    @EqualsAndHashCode.Exclude
    private Set<User> userList;

我记得我在我的工作台上执行了这个语句（这就是为什么）

set foreign_key_checks=0;

可能相关

如你所知，我阅读了这些提到相同异常的问题（1、2、3、4、5）。他们似乎没有帮助