我正在尝试扩展angular 2 http类,以便能够处理全局错误并为我的secureHttp服务设置标头。我找到了一些解决方案,但它不适用于Angular 2的最终版本。有我的代码:
文件:secureHttp.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Http, ConnectionBackend, Headers, RequestOptions, Response, RequestOptionsArgs} from '@angular/http';
@Injectable()
export class SecureHttpService extends Http {
constructor(backend: ConnectionBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) {
super(backend, defaultOptions);
}
}
文件:app.module.ts
import { BrowserModule, Title } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { routing } from './app.routes';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { HttpModule, Http, XHRBackend, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
import { CoreModule } from './core/core.module';
import {SecureHttpService} from './config/secure-http.service'
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent,
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
CoreModule,
routing,
HttpModule,
],
providers: [
{
provide: Http,
useFactory: (backend: XHRBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) => {
return new SecureHttpService(backend, defaultOptions);
},
deps: [ XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
}, Title, SecureHttpService],
bootstrap: [AppComponent],
})
export class AppModule { }
component.ts
constructor(private titleService: Title, private _secure: SecureHttpService) {}
ngOnInit() {
this.titleService.setTitle('Dashboard');
this._secure.get('http://api.example.local')
.map(res => res.json())
.subscribe(
data => console.log(data) ,
err => console.log(err),
() => console.log('Request Complete')
);
}
现在它返回一个错误'没有ConnectionBackend的提供者!'。感谢帮助!
出错的原因是因为您正在尝试提供SecureHttpService
providers: [SecureHttpService]
这意味着Angular将尝试创建实例,而不是使用您的工厂。并且它没有使用令牌ConnectionBackend
注册的提供程序来提供给您的构造函数。
你可以从SecureHttpService
中删除providers
,但这会给你另一个错误(我猜你是为什么你首先添加它)。错误将类似于“没有SecureHttpService的提供者”,因为您试图将其注入构造函数中
constructor(private titleService: Title, private _secure: SecureHttpService) {}
这是您需要了解令牌的地方。您提供的provide
值是令牌。
{
provide: Http,
useFactory: ()
}
令牌是我们允许注入的。因此,您可以注入Http
,它将使用您创建的SecureHttpService
。但是如果你需要的话,这将消除你使用常规Http
的任何机会。
constructor(private titleService: Title, private _secure: Http) {}
如果您不需要了解有关SecureHttpService
的任何信息,那么您可以这样离开。
如果你想能够实际注入SecureHttpService
类型(也许你需要一些API或者你希望能够在其他地方使用正常的Http
),那么只需更改provide
{
provide: SecureHttpService,
useFactory: ()
}
现在你可以注入常规的Http
和你的SecureHttpService
。并且不要忘记从SecureHttpService
中删除providers
。
查看我的article,了解如何扩展Angular 2.1.1的Http类
首先,让我们创建自定义http提供程序类。
http.service.ts
import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
import {Http, XHRBackend, RequestOptions, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, Headers} from '@angular/http';
import {Observable} from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/catch';
@Injectable()
export class HttpService extends Http {
constructor (backend: XHRBackend, options: RequestOptions) {
let token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token'); // your custom token getter function here
options.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
super(backend, options);
}
request(url: string|Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {
let token = localStorage.getItem('auth_token');
if (typeof url === 'string') { // meaning we have to add the token to the options, not in url
if (!options) {
// let's make option object
options = {headers: new Headers()};
}
options.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
} else {
// we have to add the token to the url object
url.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
}
return super.request(url, options).catch(this.catchAuthError(this));
}
private catchAuthError (self: HttpService) {
// we have to pass HttpService's own instance here as `self`
return (res: Response) => {
console.log(res);
if (res.status === 401 || res.status === 403) {
// if not authenticated
console.log(res);
}
return Observable.throw(res);
};
}
}
现在,我们需要配置我们的主模块,以便为我们的自定义http类提供XHRBackend。在主模块声明中,将以下内容添加到providers数组:
app.module.ts
import { HttpModule, RequestOptions, XHRBackend } from '@angular/http';
import { HttpService } from './services/http.service';
...
@NgModule({
imports: [..],
providers: [
{
provide: HttpService,
useFactory: (backend: XHRBackend, options: RequestOptions) => {
return new HttpService(backend, options);
},
deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
}
],
bootstrap: [ AppComponent ]
})
之后,您现在可以在服务中使用自定义http提供程序。例如:
user.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {HttpService} from './http.service';
@Injectable()
class UserService {
constructor (private http: HttpService) {}
// token will added automatically to get request header
getUser (id: number) {
return this.http.get(`/users/${id}`).map((res) => {
return res.json();
} );
}
}
我认为peeskillet's answer应该是选定的答案,所以我放在这里只是为了增加他的答案而不是与之竞争,但我也想提供一个具体的例子,因为我不认为它是100%明显的什么代码peeskillet的答案转化为。
我把以下内容放在我的providers
的app.module.ts
部分。我叫我的自定义Http
替换MyHttp
。
请注意,如peeskillet所说,它将是provide: Http
,而不是provide: MyHttp
。
providers: [
AUTH_PROVIDERS
{
provide: Http,
useFactory: (backend: XHRBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) => {
return new MyHttp(backend, defaultOptions);
},
deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
}
],
然后我的Http
扩展类定义如下:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Http } from '@angular/http';
@Injectable()
export class MyHttp extends Http {
get(url: string, options?: any) {
// This is pointless but you get the idea
console.log('MyHttp');
return super.get(url, options);
}
}
没有什么特别需要做的,以便您的应用程序使用MyHttp
而不是Http
。
从Angular 4.3开始,我们不再需要extends http
了。相反,我们可以使用HttpInterceptor
和HttpClient
来存档所有这些东西。
它比使用Http
更类似,更容易。
我在大约2个小时内迁移到了HttpClient。
细节是here
你可以检查https://www.illucit.com/blog/2016/03/angular2-http-authentication-interceptor/哪个会帮到你。
更改您的提供商以下最新版本并检查它:
providers: [
{
provide: SecureHttpService,
useFactory: (backend: XHRBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) => {
return new SecureHttpService(backend, defaultOptions);
},
deps: [ XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
},
Title
]
你实际上可以在你自己的类中扩展Http,然后只使用自定义工厂来提供Http:
然后在我的应用程序提供商中我能够使用自定义工厂提供'Http'
从'@ angular / http'导入{RequestOptions,Http,XHRBackend};
class HttpClient extends Http {
/*
insert your extended logic here. In my case I override request to
always add my access token to the headers, then I just call the super
*/
request(req: string|Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {
options = this._setCustomHeaders(options);
// Note this does not take into account where req is a url string
return super.request(new Request(mergeOptions(this._defaultOptions,options, req.method, req.url)))
}
}
}
function httpClientFactory(xhrBackend: XHRBackend, requestOptions: RequestOptions): Http {
return new HttpClient(xhrBackend, requestOptions);
}
@NgModule({
imports:[
FormsModule,
BrowserModule,
],
declarations: APP_DECLARATIONS,
bootstrap:[AppComponent],
providers:[
{ provide: Http, useFactory: httpClientFactory, deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]}
],
})
export class AppModule {
constructor(){
}
}
使用这种方法,您不需要覆盖任何您不希望更改的Http函数