我写了一个Python脚本来获取我所有的gmail。我有数十万封旧电子邮件，其中约 10,000 封未读。
成功获取所有电子邮件后，我发现 gmail 已将所有获取的电子邮件标记为“已读”。这对我来说是灾难性的，因为我只需要检查所有未读的电子邮件。
如何恢复未读邮件的信息？我将每个邮件对象转储到文件中，我的代码的核心如下所示：
m = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
m.login(user,pwd)
m.select("[Gmail]/All Mail")
resp, items = m.uid('search', None, 'ALL')
uids = items[0].split()
for uid in uids:
resp, data = m.uid('fetch', uid, "(RFC822)")
email_body = data[0][1]
mail = email.message_from_string(email_body)
dumbobj(uid, mail)
我希望有一个选项可以在 gmail 中撤消此操作，或者在存储的邮件对象内有一个反映已看到状态信息的成员。
对于任何想要预防这种头痛的人，请考虑这个答案这里。然而，这对我不起作用，因为损坏已经造成了。
编辑： 我编写了以下函数来递归地“grep”对象中的所有字符串，并使用以下关键字将其应用于转储的电子邮件对象：
regex = "(?i)((marked)|(seen)|(unread)|(read)|(flag)|(delivered)|(status)|(sate))"
到目前为止，没有结果（只有一个不相关的“Delivered-To”）。我还可以尝试哪些其他关键字？
def grep_object (obj, regex , cycle = set(), matched = set()):
import re
if id(obj) in cycle:
return
cycle.update([id(obj)])
if isinstance(obj, basestring):
if re.search(regex, obj):
matched.update([obj])
def grep_dict (adict ):
try:
[ [ grep_object(a, regex, cycle, matched ) for a in ab ] for ab in adict.iteritems() ]
except:pass
grep_dict(obj)
try:grep_dict(obj.__dict__)
except:pass
try:
[ grep_object(elm, regex, cycle, matched ) for elm in obj ]
except: pass
return matched
grep_object(mail_object, regex)
我遇到了类似的问题（不是gmail），对我来说最大的问题是制作一个可重现的测试用例；我终于成功制作了一个（见下文）。
就
Seen\SeenUNSEEN\SeenBODY.PEEK\SeenBODY\Seen(RFC822)\Seen在测试用例中，我尝试执行
pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail))dumpobj(uid, mail)\Seenmail.as_string()'发件人：[电子邮件受保护] 收件人：[电子邮件受保护] 主题：这是一条测试消息！ 你好。我是董事的执行助理 贝尔斯登，一家失败的投资银行。我有 获得 6,000,000 美元。 ... '
更糟糕的是，
imaplib$ grep -L -i field /usr/lib/python{2.7,3.2}/imaplib.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/imaplib.py
/usr/lib/python3.2/imaplib.py
...所以我猜该信息没有与您的转储一起保存。
这里有一些关于重建测试用例的内容。最难的是找到一个小型 IMAP 服务器，它可以快速运行一些任意用户和电子邮件，但无需在系统上安装大量内容。最后我找到了一个：trivial-server.pl，Perl的Net::IMAP::Server的示例文件；在 Ubuntu 11.04 上测试。
测试用例粘贴在这个要点中，有两个文件（有很多评论），我将尝试发布删节版：
Net::IMAP::Serverimaplib首先，确保您有
Net::IMAP::Serversudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Net::IMAP::Server'
然后，在您获得
trivial-serverB.plmkdir certs
openssl req \
-x509 -nodes -days 365 \
-subj '/C=US/ST=Oregon/L=Portland/CN=localhost' \
-newkey rsa:1024 -keyout certs/server-key.pem -out certs/server-cert.pem
最后使用管理属性运行服务器：
sudo perl trivial-serverB.pl
请注意，
trivial-serverB.pltrivial-serverB.pl#!/usr/bin/perl
use v5.10.1;
use feature qw(say);
use Net::IMAP::Server;
package Demo::IMAP::Hack;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Hack.pm'} = 1;
sub capabilityb {
my $self = shift;
print STDERR "Capabilitin'\n";
my $base = $self->server->capability;
my @words = split " ", $base;
@words = grep {$_ ne "STARTTLS"} @words
if $self->is_encrypted;
unless ($self->auth) {
my $auth = $self->auth || $self->server->auth_class->new;
my @auth = $auth->sasl_provides;
# hack:
#unless ($self->is_encrypted) {
# # Lack of encrpytion makes us turn off all plaintext auth
# push @words, "LOGINDISABLED";
# @auth = grep {$_ ne "PLAIN"} @auth;
#}
push @words, map {"AUTH=$_"} @auth;
}
return join(" ", @words);
}
package Demo::IMAP::Auth;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Auth.pm'} = 1;
use base 'Net::IMAP::Server::DefaultAuth';
sub auth_plain {
my ( $self, $user, $pass ) = @_;
# XXX DO AUTH CHECK
$self->user($user);
return 1;
}
package Demo::IMAP::Model;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Model.pm'} = 1;
use base 'Net::IMAP::Server::DefaultModel';
sub init {
my $self = shift;
$self->root( Demo::IMAP::Mailbox->new() );
$self->root->add_child( name => "INBOX" );
}
###########################################
package Demo::IMAP::Mailbox;
use base qw/Net::IMAP::Server::Mailbox/;
use Data::Dumper;
my $data = <<'EOF';
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: This is a test message!
Hello. I am executive assistant to the director of
Bear Stearns, a failed investment Bank. I have
access to USD6,000,000. ...
EOF
my $msg = Net::IMAP::Server::Message->new($data);
sub load_data {
my $self = shift;
$self->add_message($msg);
}
my %ports = ( port => 143, ssl_port => 993 );
$ports{$_} *= 10 for grep {$> > 0} keys %ports;
$myserv = Net::IMAP::Server->new(
auth_class => "Demo::IMAP::Auth",
model_class => "Demo::IMAP::Model",
user => 'nobody',
log_level => 3, # at least 3 to output 'CONNECT TCP Peer: ...' message; 4 to output IMAP commands too
%ports,
);
# apparently, this overload MUST be after the new?! here:
{
no strict 'refs';
*Net::IMAP::Server::Connection::capability = \&Demo::IMAP::Hack::capabilityb;
}
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27206371/printing-addresses-of-perl-object-methods
say " -", $myserv->can('validate'), " -", $myserv->can('capability'), " -", \&Net::IMAP::Server::Connection::capability, " -", \&Demo::IMAP::Hack::capabilityb;
$myserv->run();
上面的服务器在一个终端中运行，在另一个终端中你可以这样做：
python testimap.py
代码将简单地从上面服务器呈现的一条（也是唯一的）消息中读取字段和内容，并最终恢复（删除）
\Seenimport sys
if sys.version_info[0] < 3: # python 2.7
def uttc(x):
return x
else: # python 3+
def uttc(x):
return x.decode("utf-8")
import imaplib
import email
import pprint,inspect
imap_user = 'nobody'
imap_password = 'whatever'
imap_server = 'localhost'
conn = imaplib.IMAP4(imap_server)
conn.debug = 3
try:
(retcode, capabilities) = conn.login(imap_user, imap_password)
except:
print(sys.exc_info()[1])
sys.exit(1)
# not conn.select(readonly=1), else we cannot modify the \Seen flag later
conn.select() # Select inbox or default namespace
(retcode, messages) = conn.search(None, '(UNSEEN)')
if retcode == 'OK':
for num in uttc(messages[0]).split(' '):
if not(num):
print("No messages available: num is `{0}`!".format(num))
break
print('Processing message: {0}'.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Peeking headers, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(BODY.PEEK[HEADER])')
pprint.pprint(data)
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Get RFC822 body, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_string(uttc(data[0][1]))
#pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Get headers, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(BODY[HEADER])') # note, FLAGS (\\Seen) is now in data, even if not explicitly requested!
pprint.pprint(data)
print('Get RFC822 body, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_string(uttc(data[0][1]))
pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail)) # this is in mail_object_inspect.txt
pprint.pprint(mail.as_string())
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # Seen: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS (\\Seen))']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
conn.select() # select again, to see flags server side
# * OK [UNSEEN 0] # no more unseen messages (if there was only one msg in folder)
print('Restoring flag to unseen/new, message: {0} '.format(num))
ret, data = conn.store(num,'-FLAGS','\\Seen')
if ret == 'OK':
print("Set back to unseen; Got OK: {0}{1}{2}".format(data,'\n',30*'-'))
print(mail)
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. [b'1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
conn.close()
我将留下有效的内容，它是其他线程中留下的几个答案的组合。看来APPEND中的flags不太好理解。
import imaplib
mail.select("Inbox", readonly=False)
status, messages = mail.uid('SEARCH', None, '(UNSEEN)')
message_ids = messages[0].split()
for message_id in message_ids:
status, message_data = mail.uid('FETCH', message_id, '(RFC822)')
email_from = message.get("From")
email_subject = message.get("Subject")
mail.uid('STORE', message_id, '-FLAGS', '\\SEEN')