使用动画几何体向背景添加背景渐变?

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

前言:我跑过的这张鼓舞人心的海报展示了趋势渐变:

目标:我想创建一个场景,我有动画几何和其中一个渐变的背景。

问题:我做了和animated geometry。我发现有关制作gradients的帖子。但是,我不确定如何将两者结合成一个场景?

问题:如何创建具有渐变背景(使用片段着色器?)和一些运动中的前景几何体的场景?

trending gradients

注意:任何这些渐变都会使双色调最容易创建。我现在要发布这个问题;然而,与此同时,我将尝试用双色调渐变制作一个场景;希望有人能打败我!

这是起始场景:

var gl,
    shaderProgram,
    vertices,
    matrix = mat4.create(),
    vertexCount,
    indexCount,
    q = quat.create(),
    translate =[-3, 0, -10],
    scale = [1,1,1],
    pivot = [0,0,0];
    
    translate2 = [0, 0, -8],
    scale2 = [3,3,3],
    pivot2 = [1,1,1]


initGL();
createShaders();
createVertices();
draw();

function initGL() {
  var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
  gl = canvas.getContext("webgl");
  gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
  gl.viewport(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
  gl.clearColor(1, 1, 1, 1);
}

function createShaders() {
  var vertexShader = getShader(gl, "shader-vs");
  var fragmentShader = getShader(gl, "shader-fs");

  shaderProgram = gl.createProgram();
  gl.attachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
  gl.attachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
  gl.linkProgram(shaderProgram);
  gl.useProgram(shaderProgram);
}

function createVertices() {
vertices = [
  [-1, -1, -1,     1, 0, 0, 1],     // 0
  [ 1, -1, -1,     1, 1, 0, 1],     // 1
  [-1,  1, -1,     0, 1, 1, 1],     // 2
  [ 1,  1, -1,     0, 0, 1, 1],     // 3
  [-1,  1,  1,     1, 0.5, 0, 1],   // 4
  [1,  1,  1,      0.5, 1, 1, 1],   // 5
  [-1, -1,  1,     1, 0, 0.5, 1],   // 6
  [1, -1,  1,      0.5, 0, 1, 1],   // 7
];

var normals = [
  [0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, -1],
  [0, -1, 0], [-1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0] ];

var indices = [
  [0, 1, 2,   1, 2, 3],
  [2, 3, 4,   3, 4, 5],
  [4, 5, 6,   5, 6, 7],
  [6, 7, 0,   7, 0, 1],
  [0, 2, 6,   2, 6, 4],
  [1, 3, 7,   3, 7, 5]
];

var attributes = []
for(let side=0; side < indices.length; ++side) {
    for(let vi=0; vi < indices[side].length; ++vi) {
        attributes.push(...vertices[indices[side][vi]]);
        attributes.push(...normals[side]);
    }
}

  vertexCount = attributes.length / 10;

  var buffer = gl.createBuffer();
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer);
  gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array(attributes), gl.STATIC_DRAW);

  var coords = gl.getAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "coords");
  gl.vertexAttribPointer(coords, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 10, 0);
  gl.enableVertexAttribArray(coords); 

  var colorsLocation = gl.getAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "colors");
  gl.vertexAttribPointer(colorsLocation, 4, gl.FLOAT, false, Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 10, Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 3);
  gl.enableVertexAttribArray(colorsLocation);

  var normalLocation = gl.getAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "normal");
  gl.vertexAttribPointer(normalLocation, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 10, Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 7);
  gl.enableVertexAttribArray(normalLocation);  
  
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, null);
  
  var lightColor = gl.getUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "lightColor");
  gl.uniform3f(lightColor, 1, 1, 1);
  
  var lightDirection = gl.getUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "lightDirection");
  gl.uniform3f(lightDirection, 0.5, 0.5, -1);


  var perspectiveMatrix = mat4.create();
  mat4.perspective(perspectiveMatrix, 1, canvas.width / canvas.height, 0.1, 11);
  var perspectiveLoc = gl.getUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "perspectiveMatrix");
  gl.uniformMatrix4fv(perspectiveLoc, false, perspectiveMatrix);

}

function draw(timeMs) {
  requestAnimationFrame(draw);

  let interval = timeMs / 3000
  let t = interval - Math.floor(interval); 

  let trans_t = vec3.lerp([], translate, translate2, t);
  let scale_t = vec3.lerp([], scale, scale2, t);
  let pivot_t = vec3.lerp([], pivot, pivot2, t);
  let quat_t = quat.slerp(quat.create(), q, [1,0,1,1], t /2);
  mat4.fromRotationTranslationScaleOrigin(matrix, quat_t, trans_t, scale_t, pivot_t);

  var transformMatrix = gl.getUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "transformMatrix");
  gl.uniformMatrix4fv(transformMatrix, false, matrix);
  gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

  //gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, indexCount, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
  gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);
}


  /*
   * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebGL_API/Tutorial/Adding_2D_content_to_a_WebGL_context
   */
  function getShader(gl, id) {
    var shaderScript, theSource, currentChild, shader;

    shaderScript = document.getElementById(id);

    if (!shaderScript) {
      return null;
    }

    theSource = "";
    currentChild = shaderScript.firstChild;

    while (currentChild) {
      if (currentChild.nodeType == currentChild.TEXT_NODE) {
        theSource += currentChild.textContent;
      }

      currentChild = currentChild.nextSibling;
    }
    if (shaderScript.type == "x-shader/x-fragment") {
      shader = gl.createShader(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    } else if (shaderScript.type == "x-shader/x-vertex") {
      shader = gl.createShader(gl.VERTEX_SHADER);
    } else {
      // Unknown shader type
      return null;
    }
    gl.shaderSource(shader, theSource);

// Compile the shader program
    gl.compileShader(shader);

// See if it compiled successfully
    if (!gl.getShaderParameter(shader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
      alert("An error occurred compiling the shaders: " + gl.getShaderInfoLog(shader));
      return null;
    }

    return shader;
  }
<canvas id="canvas" width="600" height="600"></canvas>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gl-matrix/2.3.2/gl-matrix-min.js"></script>

<script id="shader-vs" type="x-shader/x-vertex">
attribute vec4 coords;
uniform mat4 transformMatrix;
attribute vec3 normal;
attribute vec4 colors;
uniform vec3 lightColor;
uniform vec3 lightDirection;
varying vec4 varyingColors;
uniform mat4 perspectiveMatrix;
void main(void) {
    vec3 norm = normalize(normal);
    vec3 ld = normalize(lightDirection);
    float dotProduct = max(dot(norm, ld), 0.0);
    vec3 vertexColor = lightColor * colors.rgb * dotProduct;
    varyingColors = vec4(vertexColor, 1);
    gl_Position = perspectiveMatrix * transformMatrix  * coords;
}
</script>

<script id="shader-fs" type="x-shader/x-fragment">
precision mediump float;
uniform vec4 color;
varying vec4 varyingColors;
void main(void) {
  gl_FragColor = varyingColors;
}
</script>
javascript glsl webgl shader gradient
1个回答
2
投票

有很多方法。

基本上有两种绘制背景的方法

  1. 在CSS / HTML中设置背景。例
<style>
#c {
  background: url(images/bg.jpg) no-repeat center center; 
  background-size: cover;
}
</style>
<canvas id="c"></canvas>
  1. 在WebGL中绘制一些东西

你可以画任何东西。您可以绘制图像,绘制天空盒,绘制渐变。

专业人士可能会做的只是使用他们在绘图程序中绘制的图像。它简单灵活。绘图程序有1000个选项,使艺术家可以将背景更改为他们想要的任何内容

已经回答了绘制图像

How can I draw a fullscreen background image in WebGL like sketchfab?

至于已经在许多其他问题中回答的绘图渐变

Creating a Gradient Color in Fragment Shader

当然,最简单的非基于图像的渐变可能只是使用顶点颜色。

至于绘图,最简单的方法就是画两者

  • 在初始时 为绘制几何体创建着色器 创建用于绘制背景的着色器(如果几何体不能用于绘制背景) 创建几何 为背景创建四边形的几何 加载你正在使用的任何纹理
  • 在渲染时 使用程序为背景 设置背景的缓冲区和属性 为背景设置制服和纹理 画背景 使用几何程序 设置几何的缓冲区和属性 为几何设置制服和纹理 绘制几何

在WebGL中绘制多个内容也已被涵盖

Drawing many shapes in WebGL

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