可以在Gitlab CI上运行X11吗？

Question

我正在尝试使用 pyinstaller 将 python 游戏构建到二进制文件中。我可以正常使用，但今天我改用 Arcade 而不是 pygame。我可以在本地构建这个罚款，但是当 pyinstaller 构建时，pyglet 会抛出一个异常，说它找不到 X11 库。我在构建 xorg 之前安装了它，并且它不会抛出异常，只是说它无法连接到显示服务器。这是完整的回溯：

$ pyinstaller -F biogame.spec
39 INFO: PyInstaller: 4.1
39 INFO: Python: 3.8.5
50 INFO: Platform: Linux-4.19.78-coreos-x86_64-with-glibc2.29
52 INFO: UPX is not available.
54 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['/builds/TabulateJarl8/biogame', '/builds/TabulateJarl8/biogame']
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/__init__.py", line 337, in __getattr__
    return getattr(self._module, name)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'Window'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pyinstaller", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(run())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 114, in run
    run_build(pyi_config, spec_file, **vars(args))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 65, in run_build
    PyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config, spec_file, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 720, in main
    build(specfile, kw.get('distpath'), kw.get('workpath'), kw.get('clean_build'))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 667, in build
    exec(code, spec_namespace)
  File "biogame.spec", line 8, in <module>
    a = Analysis(['biogame.py'],
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 212, in __init__
    self.hookspath += list(entry_point.load()())
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2445, in load
    return self.resolve()
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2451, in resolve
    module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/arcade/__init__.py", line 72, in <module>
    from .window_commands import close_window
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/arcade/window_commands.py", line 106, in <module>
    def get_window() -> pyglet.window.Window:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/__init__.py", line 343, in __getattr__
    __import__(import_name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/window/__init__.py", line 1897, in <module>
    gl._create_shadow_window()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/gl/__init__.py", line 206, in _create_shadow_window
    _shadow_window = Window(width=1, height=1, visible=False)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/window/xlib/__init__.py", line 173, in __init__
    super(XlibWindow, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/window/__init__.py", line 585, in __init__
    display = pyglet.canvas.get_display()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/canvas/__init__.py", line 94, in get_display
    return Display()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pyglet/canvas/xlib.py", line 123, in __init__
    raise NoSuchDisplayException('Cannot connect to "%s"' % name)
pyglet.canvas.xlib.NoSuchDisplayException: Cannot connect to "None"

我尝试运行

xinit

，但由于没有任何显示而出错，我尝试了

xrandr

，但也失败了，我也尝试过执行

export DISPLAY=:0

，但没有帮助。有没有办法让 X11 在 Gitlab CI 上运行，或者这是不可能的？这是我的 CI 文件中相关的部分：

ubuntubuild:
    image: ubuntu:latest
    stage: ubuntubuild
    before_script:
        - apt update
        - DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --no-install-recommends python3-pip python3-dev libjpeg-dev zlib1g-dev xorg
        - python3 -m pip install pyinstaller
        - python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt
    script:
        - pyinstaller -F biogame.spec
    artifacts:
        paths:
            - dist/biogame

更新1：

我设法让 Xvfb 运行，但现在 pyglet 抛出一个错误，提示

pyglet.gl.glx_info.GLXInfoException: pyglet requires an X server with GLX

。我尝试将 Xvfb 调整为

Xvfb :1 -screen 0 1152x900x8 +extension GLX +render -noreset &

，并且我尝试安装这些软件包：

mesa-common-dev libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev

Answer 1

我终于知道如何解决它了。我安装了这些软件包并使用

xvfb-run

运行 pyinstaller

sudo apt install xorg-dev libglu1-mesa libgl1-mesa-dev xvfb libxinerama1 libxcursor1
xvfb-run -a -s "-screen 0 1400x900x24 +extension RANDR" -- pyinstaller -F biogame.spec

Answer 2

我在为 KiCAD 项目构建 交互式 HTML BOM 时遇到了同样的问题。

这是我最终的

.gitlab-ci.yml

文件，未对

/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml

文件进行任何修改。

build-bom:
  stage: build_bom
  image: kicad/kicad:7.0.11
  before_script:
    - |
      pwd
      # /builds/<subgroup>/<project>
      apt-get update
      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y xorg xvfb
      Xvfb :1 -ac &
      export DISPLAY=:1
  script:
    - |
      python3 SCRIPT_USING_DISPLAY.py ...

我使用标准的 docker 执行器来配置运行器，如下

[[runners]]
  name = "someName"
  url = "your-url"
  id = 1234
  token = "asdf"
  executor = "docker"
  [runners.custom_build_dir]
  [runners.cache]
    MaxUploadedArchiveSize = 0
    [runners.cache.s3]
    [runners.cache.gcs]
    [runners.cache.azure]
  [runners.docker]
    tls_verify = false
    image = "alpine:3.21"
    privileged = false
    disable_entrypoint_overwrite = false
    oom_kill_disable = false
    disable_cache = false
    volumes = ["/cache"]
    shm_size = 0
    network_mtu = 0