我有一个看起来像这样的Java程序。
public class LocalScreen {
public void onMake() {
aFuncCall(LocalScreen.this, oneString, twoString);
}
}
LocalScreen.this
中的 aFuncCall
是什么意思?
LocalScreen.this
指封闭类的 this
。
这个例子应该可以解释一下:
public class LocalScreen {
public void method() {
new Runnable() {
public void run() {
// Prints "An anonymous Runnable"
System.out.println(this.toString());
// Prints "A LocalScreen object"
System.out.println(LocalScreen.this.toString());
// Won't compile! 'this' is a Runnable!
onMake(this);
// Compiles! Refers to enclosing object
onMake(LocalScreen.this);
}
public String toString() {
return "An anonymous Runnable!";
}
}.run();
}
public String toString() { return "A LocalScreen object"; }
public void onMake(LocalScreen ls) { /* ... */ }
public static void main(String[] args) {
new LocalScreen().method();
}
}
输出:
An anonymous Runnable!
A LocalScreen object
编译器获取代码并用它执行类似的操作:
public class LocalScreen
{
public void method()
{
new LocalScreen$1(this).run;
}
public String toString()
{
return "A LocalScreen object";
}
public void onMake(LocalScreen ls) { /* ... */ }
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new LocalScreen().method();
}
}
class LocalScreen$1
extends Runnable
{
final LocalScreen $this;
LocalScreen$1(LocalScreen $this)
{
this.$this = $this;
}
public void run()
{
// Prints "An anonymous Runnable"
System.out.println(this.toString());
// Prints "A LocalScreen object"
System.out.println($this.toString());
// Won't compile! 'this' is a Runnable!
//onMake(this);
// Compiles! Refers to enclosing object
$this.onMake($this);
}
public String toString()
{
return "An anonymous Runnable!";
}
}
如您所见,当编译器采用内部类时,它将其转换为外部类(这是很久以前做出的设计决策,因此不需要更改虚拟机来理解内部类)。
当创建非静态内部类时,它需要对父类的引用,以便它可以调用外部类的方法/访问变量。
内部类中的 this 不是正确的类型,您需要访问外部类以获得调用 onMake 方法的正确类型。
Class.this
允许访问外部类的实例。请参阅以下示例。
public class A
{
final String name;
final B b;
A(String name) {
this.name = name;
this.b = new B(name + "-b");
}
class B
{
final String name;
final C c;
B(String name) {
this.name = name;
this.c = new C(name + "-c");
}
class C
{
final String name;
final D d;
C(String name) {
this.name = name;
this.d = new D(name + "-d");
}
class D
{
final String name;
D(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
void printMe()
{
System.out.println("D: " + D.this.name); // `this` of class D
System.out.println("C: " + C.this.name); // `this` of class C
System.out.println("B: " + B.this.name); // `this` of class B
System.out.println("A: " + A.this.name); // `this` of class A
}
}
}
}
static public void main(String ... args)
{
final A a = new A("a");
a.b.c.d.printMe();
}
}
然后你就会得到。
D: a-b-c-d
C: a-b-c
B: a-b
A: a
我知道你的困惑是什么。我刚才也遇到了这个问题,应该有特殊的场景来区分。
class THIS {
def andthen = {
new THIS {
println(THIS.this.## + ":inner-THIS.this.##")
println(this.## + ":inner-this.##")
new THIS {
println(THIS.this.## + ":inner-inner-THIS.this.##")
println(this.## + ":inner-this.##")
}
}
}
def getInfo = {
println(THIS.this.## + ":THIS.this.##")
println(this.## + ":this.##")
}
}
您可以通过 hashcode( .## ) 在新的 THIS 操作中看到
THIS.this
和 this
之间的差异
在 Scala 控制台中测试:
scala> val x = new THIS
x: THIS = THIS@5ab9b447
scala> val y = x.andthen
1522119751:inner-THIS.this.##
404586280:inner-this.##
1522119751:inner-inner-THIS.this.##
2027227708:inner-this.##
y: THIS = THIS$$anon$1@181d7f28
scala> x.getInfo
1522119751:THIS.this.##
1522119751:this.##
THIS.this
始终指向由val x引用的外部这个类,但this
超出了匿名新操作。