我找不到用C#反序列化Apache Avro文件的方法。 Avro文件是由Microsoft Azure Event Hubs中的Archive feature生成的文件。
使用Java,我可以使用Apache的Avro Tools将文件转换为JSON:
java -jar avro-tools-1.8.1.jar tojson --pretty inputfile > output.json
使用NuGet包Microsoft.Hadoop.Avro我能够提取SequenceNumber
,Offset
和EnqueuedTimeUtc
,但由于我不知道Body
使用什么类型,因此抛出异常。我尝试过Dictionary<string, object>
和其他类型。
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var fileName = "...";
using (Stream stream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
{
using (var reader = AvroContainer.CreateReader<EventData>(stream))
{
using (var streamReader = new SequentialReader<EventData>(reader))
{
var record = streamReader.Objects.FirstOrDefault();
}
}
}
}
[DataContract(Namespace = "Microsoft.ServiceBus.Messaging")]
public class EventData
{
[DataMember(Name = "SequenceNumber")]
public long SequenceNumber { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "Offset")]
public string Offset { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "EnqueuedTimeUtc")]
public string EnqueuedTimeUtc { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "Body")]
public foo Body { get; set; }
// More properties...
}
架构如下所示:
{
"type": "record",
"name": "EventData",
"namespace": "Microsoft.ServiceBus.Messaging",
"fields": [
{
"name": "SequenceNumber",
"type": "long"
},
{
"name": "Offset",
"type": "string"
},
{
"name": "EnqueuedTimeUtc",
"type": "string"
},
{
"name": "SystemProperties",
"type": {
"type": "map",
"values": [ "long", "double", "string", "bytes" ]
}
},
{
"name": "Properties",
"type": {
"type": "map",
"values": [ "long", "double", "string", "bytes" ]
}
},
{
"name": "Body",
"type": [ "null", "bytes" ]
}
]
}
我能够使用dynamic
获得完整的数据访问。这是用于访问原始body
数据的代码,该数据存储为字节数组。在我的例子中,这些字节包含UTF8编码的JSON,但当然这取决于您最初创建发布到事件中心的EventData
实例的方式:
using (var reader = AvroContainer.CreateGenericReader(stream))
{
while (reader.MoveNext())
{
foreach (dynamic record in reader.Current.Objects)
{
var sequenceNumber = record.SequenceNumber;
var bodyText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(record.Body);
Console.WriteLine($"{sequenceNumber}: {bodyText}");
}
}
}
如果有人可以发布一个静态类型的解决方案,我会支持它,但考虑到任何系统中更大的延迟几乎肯定是与事件中心存档blob的连接,我不担心解析性能。 :)
这个Gist展示了如何使用Microsoft.Hadoop.Avro2使用C#反序列化事件中心捕获,它具有兼容.NET Framework 4.5和.NET Standard 1.6的优点:
var connectionString = "<Azure event hub capture storage account connection string>";
var containerName = "<Azure event hub capture container name>";
var blobName = "<Azure event hub capture BLOB name (ends in .avro)>";
var storageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(connectionString);
var blobClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient();
var container = blobClient.GetContainerReference(containerName);
var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(blobName);
using (var stream = blob.OpenRead())
using (var reader = AvroContainer.CreateGenericReader(stream))
while (reader.MoveNext())
foreach (dynamic result in reader.Current.Objects)
{
var record = new AvroEventData(result);
record.Dump();
}
public struct AvroEventData
{
public AvroEventData(dynamic record)
{
SequenceNumber = (long) record.SequenceNumber;
Offset = (string) record.Offset;
DateTime.TryParse((string) record.EnqueuedTimeUtc, out var enqueuedTimeUtc);
EnqueuedTimeUtc = enqueuedTimeUtc;
SystemProperties = (Dictionary<string, object>) record.SystemProperties;
Properties = (Dictionary<string, object>) record.Properties;
Body = (byte[]) record.Body;
}
public long SequenceNumber { get; set; }
public string Offset { get; set; }
public DateTime EnqueuedTimeUtc { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, object> SystemProperties { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, object> Properties { get; set; }
public byte[] Body { get; set; }
}
我终于能够使用Apache C#库/框架。 我被困了一段时间,因为Azure事件中心的Capture功能有时会输出一个没有任何消息内容的文件。我可能还有一个问题,如何将消息最初序列化为EventData对象。 下面的代码用于从捕获blob容器保存到磁盘的文件。
var dataFileReader = DataFileReader<EventData>.OpenReader(file);
foreach (var record in dataFileReader.NextEntries)
{
// Do work on EventData object
}
这也可以使用GenericRecord对象。
var dataFileReader = DataFileReader<GenericRecord>.OpenReader(file);
这花了一些力气才弄明白。但是我现在同意这个Azure事件中心捕获功能是一个很好的功能来备份所有事件。我仍然认为他们应该像使用Stream Analytic作业输出那样使格式可选,但也许我会习惯Avro。
我怀疑你剩下的类型应该被定义为:
[DataContract(Namespace = "Microsoft.ServiceBus.Messaging")]
[KnownType(typeof(Dictionary<string, object>))]
public class EventData
{
[DataMember]
public IDictionary<string, object> SystemProperties { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public IDictionary<string, object> Properties { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public byte[] Body { get; set; }
}
即使Body
是null
和bytes
的联盟,这映射到nullable
byte[]
。
在C#中,数组总是引用类型,因此可以是null
并且合同已经完成。
您还可以使用NullableSchema
属性将Body标记为字节的并集和null。这将允许您使用强类型接口。
[DataContract(Namespace = "Microsoft.ServiceBus.Messaging")]
public class EventData
{
[DataMember(Name = "SequenceNumber")]
public long SequenceNumber { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "Offset")]
public string Offset { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "EnqueuedTimeUtc")]
public string EnqueuedTimeUtc { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "Body")]
[NullableSchema]
public foo Body { get; set; }
}