我正在使用 AudioRecord 在 android 中录制 16 位 PCM 数据。记录数据并将其保存到文件后，我读回它以将其保存为 .wav 文件。
问题是 WAV 文件可以被媒体播放器识别，但只播放纯粹的噪音。目前我最好的猜测是我的 wav 文件头不正确，但我一直无法看出问题到底是什么。 （我认为这是因为我可以播放我在 Audacity 中录制的原始 PCM 数据）
这是我读取原始 PCM 文件并将其保存为 .wav 的代码：
private void properWAV(File fileToConvert, float newRecordingID){
try {
long mySubChunk1Size = 16;
int myBitsPerSample= 16;
int myFormat = 1;
long myChannels = 1;
long mySampleRate = 22100;
long myByteRate = mySampleRate * myChannels * myBitsPerSample/8;
int myBlockAlign = (int) (myChannels * myBitsPerSample/8);
byte[] clipData = getBytesFromFile(fileToConvert);
long myDataSize = clipData.length;
long myChunk2Size = myDataSize * myChannels * myBitsPerSample/8;
long myChunkSize = 36 + myChunk2Size;
OutputStream os;
os = new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/onefile/assessor/OneFile_Audio_"+ newRecordingID+".wav"));
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
DataOutputStream outFile = new DataOutputStream(bos);
outFile.writeBytes("RIFF"); // 00 - RIFF
outFile.write(intToByteArray((int)myChunkSize), 0, 4); // 04 - how big is the rest of this file?
outFile.writeBytes("WAVE"); // 08 - WAVE
outFile.writeBytes("fmt "); // 12 - fmt
outFile.write(intToByteArray((int)mySubChunk1Size), 0, 4); // 16 - size of this chunk
outFile.write(shortToByteArray((short)myFormat), 0, 2); // 20 - what is the audio format? 1 for PCM = Pulse Code Modulation
outFile.write(shortToByteArray((short)myChannels), 0, 2); // 22 - mono or stereo? 1 or 2? (or 5 or ???)
outFile.write(intToByteArray((int)mySampleRate), 0, 4); // 24 - samples per second (numbers per second)
outFile.write(intToByteArray((int)myByteRate), 0, 4); // 28 - bytes per second
outFile.write(shortToByteArray((short)myBlockAlign), 0, 2); // 32 - # of bytes in one sample, for all channels
outFile.write(shortToByteArray((short)myBitsPerSample), 0, 2); // 34 - how many bits in a sample(number)? usually 16 or 24
outFile.writeBytes("data"); // 36 - data
outFile.write(intToByteArray((int)myDataSize), 0, 4); // 40 - how big is this data chunk
outFile.write(clipData); // 44 - the actual data itself - just a long string of numbers
outFile.flush();
outFile.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static byte[] intToByteArray(int i)
{
byte[] b = new byte[4];
b[0] = (byte) (i & 0x00FF);
b[1] = (byte) ((i >> 8) & 0x000000FF);
b[2] = (byte) ((i >> 16) & 0x000000FF);
b[3] = (byte) ((i >> 24) & 0x000000FF);
return b;
}
// convert a short to a byte array
public static byte[] shortToByteArray(short data)
{
/*
* NB have also tried:
* return new byte[]{(byte)(data & 0xff),(byte)((data >> 8) & 0xff)};
*
*/
return new byte[]{(byte)(data & 0xff),(byte)((data >>> 8) & 0xff)};
}
我没有包含 getBytesFromFile() 因为它占用了太多的空间，而且它是一种经过尝试和测试的方法。 无论如何，这是进行实际录制的代码：
public void run() {
Log.i("ONEFILE", "Starting main audio capture loop...");
int frequency = 22100;
int channelConfiguration = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO;
int audioEncoding = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
final int bufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(frequency, channelConfiguration, audioEncoding);
AudioRecord audioRecord = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC, frequency, channelConfiguration, audioEncoding, bufferSize);
audioRecord.startRecording();
ByteArrayOutputStream recData = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(recData);
short[] buffer = new short[bufferSize];
audioRecord.startRecording();
while (!stopped) {
int bufferReadResult = audioRecord.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
for(int i = 0; i < bufferReadResult;i++) {
try {
dos.writeShort(buffer[i]);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
audioRecord.stop();
try {
dos.flush();
dos.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
audioRecord.stop();
byte[] clipData = recData.toByteArray();
File file = new File(audioOutputPath);
if(file.exists())
file.delete();
file = new File(audioOutputPath);
OutputStream os;
try {
os = new FileOutputStream(file);
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
DataOutputStream outFile = new DataOutputStream(bos);
outFile.write(clipData);
outFile.flush();
outFile.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
请提出可能出现问题的建议。
几个小时以来我一直在思考这个完全相同的问题，我的问题主要是在以 16 位进行录制时，您必须非常小心写入输出的内容。 WAV 文件需要 Little Endian 格式的数据，但使用 writeShort 会将其作为 Big Endian 写入输出。使用其他函数时我也得到了有趣的结果，因此我返回以正确的顺序写入字节并且有效。
我在调试时广泛使用了十六进制编辑器。我可以建议你也这样做。另外，上面答案中的标头有效，我用它来检查我自己的代码，这个标头相当万无一失。
根据标题所关心的内容，我已遵循此代码（如果它对您有某种帮助）。
byte[] header = new byte[44];
header[0] = 'R'; // RIFF/WAVE header
header[1] = 'I';
header[2] = 'F';
header[3] = 'F';
header[4] = (byte) (totalDataLen & 0xff);
header[5] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 8) & 0xff);
header[6] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 16) & 0xff);
header[7] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 24) & 0xff);
header[8] = 'W';
header[9] = 'A';
header[10] = 'V';
header[11] = 'E';
header[12] = 'f'; // 'fmt ' chunk
header[13] = 'm';
header[14] = 't';
header[15] = ' ';
header[16] = 16; // 4 bytes: size of 'fmt ' chunk
header[17] = 0;
header[18] = 0;
header[19] = 0;
header[20] = 1; // format = 1
header[21] = 0;
header[22] = (byte) channels;
header[23] = 0;
header[24] = (byte) (longSampleRate & 0xff);
header[25] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 8) & 0xff);
header[26] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 16) & 0xff);
header[27] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 24) & 0xff);
header[28] = (byte) (byteRate & 0xff);
header[29] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 8) & 0xff);
header[30] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 16) & 0xff);
header[31] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 24) & 0xff);
header[32] = (byte) (2 * 16 / 8); // block align
header[33] = 0;
header[34] = RECORDER_BPP; // bits per sample
header[35] = 0;
header[36] = 'd';
header[37] = 'a';
header[38] = 't';
header[39] = 'a';
header[40] = (byte) (totalAudioLen & 0xff);
header[41] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 8) & 0xff);
header[42] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 16) & 0xff);
header[43] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 24) & 0xff);
out.write(header, 0, 44);
您确定字节顺序吗？ “RIFF”、“WAV”、“fmt”和“data”看起来不错，但标头中的数字可能需要不同的顺序（小端序与大端序）。您也不需要使用
intToByteArraywriteIntwriteShortDataOutputStreamoutFile.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes((int)myChunkSize));对于短裤来说是这样的：
outFile.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes((short)myFormat))这样您也不需要提供偏移量和长度
(0, 4)正如 Ronald Kunenborg 正确指出的那样，问题是 Litte Endian / Big Endian 转换。
最简单的方法是编写一个简短的助手，如下所示：
public static void writeShortLE(DataOutputStream out, short value) {
out.writeByte(value & 0xFF);
out.writeByte((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
}
如果您使用 Android 将音频录制到波形文件并且您也需要短数组，这将非常有用。
以下是创建具有正确标头的 Little Endian 格式的 .wav 文件的示例。然后它会附加指定持续时间（以秒为单位）的空音频数据。在您的情况下，您想附加录制的音频。
public static void createEmptyWaveFile(int sampleRate, short sampleSize, short channels, int duration, File file)
throws IOException {
// calculate some
short blockAlign = (short) (sampleSize * channels / 8);
int byteRate = sampleRate * sampleSize * channels / 8;
int audioSize = byteRate * duration;
int fileSize = audioSize + 44;
// create an Array that contains empty audio data for the given duration
byte[] audioData = new byte[audioSize];
for (int i = 0; i < audioData.length; i++)
audioData[i] = (byte) 0;
// The stream that writes the audio file to the disk
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
// Write Header
out.writeBytes("RIFF");// 0-4 ChunkId always RIFF
out.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(fileSize));// 5-8 ChunkSize always audio-length +header-length(44)
out.writeBytes("WAVE");// 9-12 Format always WAVE
out.writeBytes("fmt ");// 13-16 Subchunk1 ID always "fmt " with trailing whitespace
out.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(16)); // 17-20 Subchunk1 Size always 16
out.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes((short) 1));// 21-22 Audio-Format 1 for PCM PulseAudio
out.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(channels));// 23-24 Num-Channels 1 for mono, 2 for stereo
out.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(sampleRate));// 25-28 Sample-Rate
out.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(byteRate));// 29-32 Byte Rate
out.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(blockAlign));// 33-34 Block Align
out.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(sampleSize));// 35-36 Bits-Per-Sample
out.writeBytes("data");// 37-40 Subchunk2 ID always data
out.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(audioSize));// 41-44 Subchunk 2 Size audio-length
// Append the silent audio data or what you recorded from the mic
out.write(audioData);
out.close();// close the stream properly
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
createEmptyWaveFile(44100, (short) 16, (short) 2, 10, new File("out.wav"));
}