如何在.NET中获取启动应用程序？ Windows 10、11

Question

如何在.NET中获取启动应用程序？

CurrentUser LocalMachine SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run 我从这里获得了启动应用程序，但没有得到预期的结果，因为我的计算机上有 19 个启动应用程序，我需要所有启动应用程序。

Answer 1

Windows 有多个目录和注册表项，程序在启动时启动：

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run

- 启动时启动特定于当前用户的程序

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run

- 程序在系统范围内为所有用户启动时启动

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce

- 与

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ ... \Run

类似，但程序仅运行一次并在下次登录时删除该条目

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce

- 与

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ ... \Run

类似，不同之处在于程序仅运行一次并在下次登录时删除该条目

还有这些目录：

%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup

- 在启动时为所有用户在系统范围内运行的启动程序

%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup

- 启动时仅为当前用户运行的启动程序

我们必须查询注册表值并从

...Programs\Startup

目录中获取文件。

示例：

using System.IO;
using Microsoft.Win32;

public static class StartupApps
{
    private static readonly string[] s_startupRegKeys =
    [
        @"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run",
        @"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce",
        @"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run",
        @"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce"
    ];

    private static IEnumerable<string> ReadRegSzValues(string keyPath)
    {
        string actualKey =
            keyPath.Contains("HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE")
            ? keyPath.Split(["HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"], StringSplitOptions.None)[1]
            : keyPath.Split(["HKEY_CURRENT_USER"], StringSplitOptions.None)[1];
        bool usesLocalMachine = keyPath.Contains("HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE");
        RegistryKey? key =
            usesLocalMachine
            ? Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(actualKey)
            : Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(actualKey);

        if (key == null)
        {
            yield break;
        }

        foreach (string valueName in key.GetValueNames())
        {
            object value = key.GetValue(valueName);

            if (value is string stringValue)
            {
                yield return stringValue;
            }
        }

        key.Dispose();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Return startup apps stored in the Windows registry.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>A list of startup apps from Windows registry.</returns>
    public static IEnumerable<string> GetStartupAppsFromRegistry()
    {
        foreach (string key in s_startupRegKeys)
        {
            foreach (string regKey in ReadRegSzValues(key))
            {
                yield return regKey;
            }
        }
    }

    public static IEnumerable<string> GetStartupAppsFromStartupDirectory()
    {
        foreach (string startupObject in Directory.GetFiles(GetCurrentUserStartupDirectory()))
        {
            yield return startupObject;
        }
        foreach (string startupObject in Directory.GetFiles(GetSystemWideStartupDirectory()))
        {
            yield return startupObject;
        }
    }

    private static string GetCurrentUserStartupDirectory()
    {
        string? appData = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("APPDATA");
        if (appData is null)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException("No APPDATA variable was found. Make sure the operating system is Windows.");
        }
        return Path.Combine(appData, "Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs");
    }

    private static string GetSystemWideStartupDirectory()
    {
        string? programData = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ALLUSERSPROFILE")
            ?? Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PROGRAMDATA");
        if (programData is null)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException("No ALLUSERSPROFILE or PROGRAMDATA variable was found. Make sure the operating system is Windows.");
        }
        return Path.Combine(programData, "Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs");
    }
}

像这样使用它：

IEnumerable<string> startupObjects1 = StartupObjects.GetStartupAppsFromStartupDirectory();
IEnumerable<string> startupObjects2 = StartupObjects.GetStartupAppsFromRegistry();