有没有办法阻止结构体实现特征方法?

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我只是构建了一个具有 2 个函数的特征

Bar
(带有实现的
alpha()
和仅带有接口的
beta()
),并且我希望实现
Bar
的结构只实现
beta()
,并且永远不要实现自己的
alpha() 
.

有什么方法可以阻止另一个结构实现自己的

alpha()

trait Bar {
    fn alpha(&self) {
        println!("you should never implement this function on your own.");
    }

    fn beta(&self);
}

struct Foo {}

impl Bar for Foo {
    fn alpha(&self) {
        println!("how do I trigger an error here when a struct implement it's own alpha()?");
    }

    fn beta(&self) {
        println!("implement beta() for Foo");
    }
}
rust traits
1个回答
20
投票

您可以通过将您的特征分成两部分,并使用默认方法为该特征提供一揽子实现来做到这一点。

pub trait Beta {
    fn beta(&self);
}

pub trait Alpha: Beta {
    fn alpha(&self) {
        // Default impl
    }
}

// Because of this blanket implementation,
// no type can implement `Alpha` directly,
// since it would conflict with this impl.
// And you cannot implement `Alpha` without `Beta`,
// since `Beta` is its _supertrait_.
impl<T: Beta> Alpha for T {}


struct Foo;

impl Beta for Foo {
    fn beta(&self) {
        // Impl
    }
}

// If you uncomment this you will have a compile error,
// because of the conflicting implementations of Alpha for Foo
// (conflicts with the blanket implementation above)
//
// impl Alpha for Foo {
//    fn alpha(&self) {
//        // override impl
//    } 
// }

pub fn bar<T: Alpha>(_: T) {}

pub fn baz() {
    bar(Foo);
}
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