我无法安装 numpy：pip 尝试构建 numpy 但失败了

Question

(myvenv) PS E:\Python> pip install opencv-python
Collecting opencv-python
  Using cached opencv-python-4.10.0.84.tar.gz (95.1 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [66 lines of output]
      Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.6" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
      Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.7" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
      Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.8" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
      Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version < "3.9" and sys_platform == "linux" and platform_machine == "aarch64"' don't match your environment   
      Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version < "3.9" and sys_platform == "darwin" and platform_machine == "arm64"' don't match your environment    
      Collecting cmake>=3.1
        Using cached cmake-3.30.3.tar.gz (31 kB)
        Installing build dependencies: started
        Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Getting requirements to build wheel: started
        Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
        Installing backend dependencies: started
        Installing backend dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
      Collecting numpy>=2.0.0
        Downloading numpy-2.0.2.tar.gz (18.9 MB)
           ---------------------------------------- 18.9/18.9 MB 3.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00
        Installing build dependencies: started
        Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Getting requirements to build wheel: started
        Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
        Installing backend dependencies: started
        Installing backend dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'error'
        error: subprocess-exited-with-error

        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
        exit code: 1

        [23 lines of output]
        + E:\Python\myvenv\bin\python.exe C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4\vendored-mes
on\meson\meson.py setup C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4 C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\T
emp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4\.mesonpy-cclotgs2 -Dbuildtype=release -Db_ndebug=if-release -Db_vscrt=md --native-file=C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4\.mesonpy-cclotgs2\meson-python-native-file.ini     
        The Meson build system
        Version: 1.4.99
        Source dir: C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4
        Build dir: C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4\.mesonpy-cclotgs2
        Build type: native build
        Project name: NumPy
        Project version: 2.0.2
        C compiler for the host machine: cc (gcc 12.1.0 "cc (Rev2, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.1.0")
        C linker for the host machine: cc ld.bfd 2.38
        C++ compiler for the host machine: c++ (gcc 12.1.0 "c++ (Rev2, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.1.0")
        C++ linker for the host machine: c++ ld.bfd 2.38
        Cython compiler for the host machine: cython (cython 3.0.11)
        Host machine cpu family: x86_64
        Host machine cpu: x86_64
        Program python found: YES (E:\Python\myvenv\bin\python.exe)
        Found pkg-config: YES (C:\mingw64\bin\pkg-config.EXE) 1.8.0
        Could not find Python3 library 'E:\\Python\\myvenv\\lib\\libpython3.9.dll.a'
        Run-time dependency python found: NO (tried pkgconfig, pkgconfig and sysconfig)

        ..\meson.build:41:12: ERROR: Python dependency not found

        A full log can be found at C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-nzei4sh_\numpy_a368f9e2aa274993be96d795ef79ddd4\.mesonpy-cclotgs2\meson-logs\meson-log.txt
        [end of output]

        note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
      error: metadata-generation-failed

      Encountered error while generating package metadata.

      See above for output.

      note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
      hint: See above for details.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

我设置了cmake并安装了很多次，仍然无法运行。

Answer 1

尝试安装 setuptools

pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

，然后重试。如果不起作用

sudo apt install python3-dev python3-pip python3-venv libopencv-dev python3-opencv

安装这些系统依赖项。