Haversine 公式与 php

问题描述 投票:0回答:6

我想在 php 中使用这个公式。我有一个数据库,其中保存了一些纬度和经度值。

我想在输入中找到特定的纬度和经度值,找到从该点到数据库中每个点的所有距离(以公里为单位)。为此,我使用了 googlemaps api 上的公式:

( 6371 * acos( cos( radians(37) ) * cos( radians( lat ) ) * cos( radians( lng ) - radians(-122) ) + sin( radians(37) ) * sin( radians( lat ) ) ) )

当然,在 php 中使用它,我用

deg2rad
替换了弧度。值 37、-122 是我的输入值,lat、lng 是我在数据库中的值。

下面是我的代码。问题是有什么问题,但我不明白是什么。距离的值当然是错误的。

//values of latitude and longitute in input (Rome - eur, IT)
$center_lat = "41.8350";
$center_lng =  "12.470";

//connection to database. it works
(..)

//to take each value in the database:
    $query = "SELECT * FROM Dati";
    $result = mysql_query($query);
    while ($row = @mysql_fetch_assoc($result)){
        $lat=$row['Lat']);
        $lng=$row['Lng']);
    $distance =( 6371 * acos((cos(deg2rad($center_lat)) ) * (cos(deg2rad($lat))) * (cos(deg2rad($lng) - deg2rad($center_lng)) )+ ((sin(deg2rad($center_lat))) * (sin(deg2rad($lat))))) );
    }

对于值例如: $纬度= 41.9133741000 $lng= 12.5203944000

我的输出为 distance="4826.9341106926"

php google-maps haversine
6个回答
67
投票

您使用的公式似乎是 arccosine 而不是 haversine 公式。半正矢公式确实更适合计算球体上的距离,因为它不太容易出现舍入误差。

/**
 * Calculates the great-circle distance between two points, with
 * the Haversine formula.
 * @param float $latitudeFrom Latitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeFrom Longitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $latitudeTo Latitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeTo Longitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $earthRadius Mean earth radius in [m]
 * @return float Distance between points in [m] (same as earthRadius)
 */
function haversineGreatCircleDistance(
  $latitudeFrom, $longitudeFrom, $latitudeTo, $longitudeTo, $earthRadius = 6371000)
{
  // convert from degrees to radians
  $latFrom = deg2rad($latitudeFrom);
  $lonFrom = deg2rad($longitudeFrom);
  $latTo = deg2rad($latitudeTo);
  $lonTo = deg2rad($longitudeTo);

  $latDelta = $latTo - $latFrom;
  $lonDelta = $lonTo - $lonFrom;

  $angle = 2 * asin(sqrt(pow(sin($latDelta / 2), 2) +
    cos($latFrom) * cos($latTo) * pow(sin($lonDelta / 2), 2)));
  return $angle * $earthRadius;
}

附注我在你的代码中找不到错误,那么这只是你写的一个错字吗

$lat= 41.9133741000 $lat= 12.5203944000
?也许您只是用 $lat=12.5203944000 和 $long=0 进行计算,因为您覆盖了 $lat 变量。

编辑:

测试了代码,它返回了正确的结果:

$center_lat = 41.8350;
$center_lng = 12.470;
$lat = 41.9133741000;
$lng = 12.5203944000;

// test with your arccosine formula
$distance =( 6371 * acos((cos(deg2rad($center_lat)) ) * (cos(deg2rad($lat))) * (cos(deg2rad($lng) - deg2rad($center_lng)) )+ ((sin(deg2rad($center_lat))) * (sin(deg2rad($lat))))) );
print($distance); // prints 9.662174538188

// test with my haversine formula
$distance = haversineGreatCircleDistance($center_lat, $center_lng, $lat, $lng, 6371);
print($distance); // prints 9.6621745381693

6
投票
public function getDistanceBetweenTwoPoints($point1 , $point2){
    // array of lat-long i.e  $point1 = [lat,long]
    $earthRadius = 6371;  // earth radius in km
    $point1Lat = $point1[0];
    $point2Lat =$point2[0];
    $deltaLat = deg2rad($point2Lat - $point1Lat);
    $point1Long =$point1[1];
    $point2Long =$point2[1];
    $deltaLong = deg2rad($point2Long - $point1Long);
    $a = sin($deltaLat/2) * sin($deltaLat/2) + cos(deg2rad($point1Lat)) * cos(deg2rad($point2Lat)) * sin($deltaLong/2) * sin($deltaLong/2);
    $c = 2 * atan2(sqrt($a), sqrt(1-$a));

    $distance = $earthRadius * $c;
    return $distance;    // in km
}

4
投票

来自此链接

function getDistance($latitude1, $longitude1, $latitude2, $longitude2) {
    $earth_radius = 6371;

    $dLat = deg2rad($latitude2 - $latitude1);
    $dLon = deg2rad($longitude2 - $longitude1);

    $a = sin($dLat/2) * sin($dLat/2) + cos(deg2rad($latitude1)) * cos(deg2rad($latitude2)) * sin($dLon/2) * sin($dLon/2);
    $c = 2 * asin(sqrt($a));
    $d = $earth_radius * $c;

    return $d;
}

正如您所看到的,这与您的代码之间有很多差异。我不知道您是否对公式有不同的方法,或者转换为 PHP 时的某个步骤可能出错,但上面的公式应该有效。


2
投票

我制作了具有静态功能的半正矢类 getDistance 具有四个参数,它返回距机器人位置点的距离

class HaverSign {
    
     public static function getDistance($latitude1, $longitude1, $latitude2, $longitude2) {
        $earth_radius = 6371;

        $dLat = deg2rad($latitude2 - $latitude1);
        $dLon = deg2rad($longitude2 - $longitude1);

        $a = sin($dLat/2) * sin($dLat/2) + cos(deg2rad($latitude1)) * cos(deg2rad($latitude2)) * sin($dLon/2) * sin($dLon/2);
        $c = 2 * asin(sqrt($a));
        $d = $earth_radius * $c;

        return $d;
}
}

上面的类存放在根目录,根目录包含classes文件夹 在任何 php 页面中使用以下方式调用它

include "../classes/HaverSign.php";
$haversign=new HaverSign();

$lat=18.5204;
$lon=73.8567;

$lat1=18.5404;
$lon1=73.8167;

$dist = $haversign->getDistance($lat,$lon,$lat1,$lon1);
echo $dist;

输出如下

4.7676529976827

1
投票

我使用以下存储过程直接在查询内计算距离:

CREATE FUNCTION GEODIST (lat1 DOUBLE, lon1 DOUBLE, lat2 DOUBLE, lon2 DOUBLE)
    RETURNS DOUBLE
    DETERMINISTIC
        BEGIN
            DECLARE dist DOUBLE;
            SET dist =  round(acos(cos(radians(lat1))*cos(radians(lon1))*cos(radians(lat2))*cos(radians(lon2)) + cos(radians(lat1))*sin(radians(lon1))*cos(radians(lat2))*sin(radians(lon2)) + sin(radians(lat1))*sin(radians(lat2))) * 6378.8, 1);
            RETURN dist;
        END|

您只需从 phpMyAdmin 中将上述内容作为 SQl 语句执行即可创建过程。请注意结尾 |,因此在 SQL 输入窗口中,选择 |作为限制器签名。

然后在查询中,这样调用:

$sql = "
SELECT `locations`.`name`, GEODIST(`locations`.`lat`, `locations`.`lon`, " . $lat_to_calculate . ", " . $lon_to_calculate . ") AS `distance`
FROM `locations` ";

我发现这比运行查询后在 PHP 中计算要快得多。


0
投票

我已经这样做过几次来构建餐厅定位器和经销商定位器。我想出的最佳方法是使用加州理工学院教授和 NASA 工程师(鲍勃·张伯伦)建议用于短距离的计算

function haversineDistance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2) {

    // Convert degrees to radians
    $lat1 = deg2rad($lat1);
    $lon1 = deg2rad($lon1);
    $lat2 = deg2rad($lat2);
    $lon2 = deg2rad($lon2);
    
    // Haversine formula
    $dlat = $lat2 - $lat1;
    $dlon = $lon2 - $lon1;

    $a = sin($dlat / 2) * sin($dlat / 2) + cos($lat1) * cos($lat2) * sin($dlon / 2) * sin($dlon / 2);
    $c = 2 * atan2(sqrt($a), sqrt(1 - $a));

    // Distance
    $distance = 6371 * $c;

    return $distance;
}

// Example usage
$lat1 = 42.3601; // Latitude of point 1
$lon1 = -71.0589; // Longitude of point 1
$lat2 = 40.7128; // Latitude of point 2
$lon2 = -74.0060; // Longitude of point 2

$distance = haversineDistance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2);
echo "The distance is: " . $distance . " km";

这是基于 JavaScript 的等式:

dlon = lon2 - lon1
dlat = lat2 - lat1
a = (sin(dlat/2))^2 + cos(lat1) * cos(lat2) * (sin(dlon/2))^2
c = 2 * atan2( sqrt(a), sqrt(1-a) )
d = R * c (where R is the radius of the Earth)

这个漂亮的小工具很好地记录了一般概念,并提供了一种简单的方法来测试它:

https://andrew.hedges.name/experiments/havesine/

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