我如何在SQL Server数据库中搜索字符串?

问题描述 投票:104回答:16

我知道有可能,但我不知道如何。

我需要在SQL Server数据库中搜索所有提及的特定字符串。

例如:我想在所有表,视图,函数,存储过程...中搜索字符串“ tblEmployes”(而不是表中的数据)。

我需要这样做的原因之一是,我想删除一些额外的数据表,但是我担心它们可能会在过程或函数中的某些地方使用。

sql-server function search stored-procedures
16个回答
137
投票

这将搜索特定数据库中每个表的每一列。在要搜索的数据库上创建存储的proc。

http://blogs.lessthandot.com/index.php/DataMgmt/DataDesign/the-ten-most-asked-sql-server-questions--1#2

CREATE PROCEDURE FindMyData_String
    @DataToFind NVARCHAR(4000),
    @ExactMatch BIT = 0
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @Temp TABLE(RowId INT IDENTITY(1,1), SchemaName sysname, TableName sysname, ColumnName SysName, DataType VARCHAR(100), DataFound BIT)

    INSERT  INTO @Temp(TableName,SchemaName, ColumnName, DataType)
    SELECT  C.Table_Name,C.TABLE_SCHEMA, C.Column_Name, C.Data_Type
    FROM    Information_Schema.Columns AS C
            INNER Join Information_Schema.Tables AS T
                ON C.Table_Name = T.Table_Name
        AND C.TABLE_SCHEMA = T.TABLE_SCHEMA
    WHERE   Table_Type = 'Base Table'
            And Data_Type In ('ntext','text','nvarchar','nchar','varchar','char')


DECLARE @i INT
DECLARE @MAX INT
DECLARE @TableName sysname
DECLARE @ColumnName sysname
DECLARE @SchemaName sysname
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE @PARAMETERS NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE @DataExists BIT
DECLARE @SQLTemplate NVARCHAR(4000)

SELECT  @SQLTemplate = CASE WHEN @ExactMatch = 1
                            THEN 'If Exists(Select *
                                          From   ReplaceTableName
                                          Where  Convert(nVarChar(4000), [ReplaceColumnName])
                                                       = ''' + @DataToFind + '''
                                          )
                                     Set @DataExists = 1
                                 Else
                                     Set @DataExists = 0'
                            ELSE 'If Exists(Select *
                                          From   ReplaceTableName
                                          Where  Convert(nVarChar(4000), [ReplaceColumnName])
                                                       Like ''%' + @DataToFind + '%''
                                          )
                                     Set @DataExists = 1
                                 Else
                                     Set @DataExists = 0'
                            END,
        @PARAMETERS = '@DataExists Bit OUTPUT',
        @i = 1

SELECT @i = 1, @MAX = MAX(RowId)
FROM   @Temp

WHILE @i <= @MAX
    BEGIN
        SELECT  @SQL = REPLACE(REPLACE(@SQLTemplate, 'ReplaceTableName', QUOTENAME(SchemaName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TableName)), 'ReplaceColumnName', ColumnName)
        FROM    @Temp
        WHERE   RowId = @i


        PRINT @SQL
        EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @SQL, @PARAMETERS, @DataExists = @DataExists OUTPUT

        IF @DataExists =1
            UPDATE @Temp SET DataFound = 1 WHERE RowId = @i

        SET @i = @i + 1
    END

SELECT  SchemaName,TableName, ColumnName
FROM    @Temp
WHERE   DataFound = 1
GO

要运行它,只需执行以下操作:

exec FindMyData_string 'google', 0

效果非常好!!


2
投票

被授予访问数据库的权限,但没有访问权限存储我的查询的表。


1
投票

所有存储过程,视图和函数的内容存储在表sysComments


0
投票

这里与用户l --''''''---------''''''''''提交的脚本相同,但已更正,可以处理案件-敏感的SQL实例,以及其他一些小的改进。


0
投票

可以通过以下方法使用SQL Server Management Studio和SSMS对象搜索来搜索SQL数据库对象:对象资源管理器详细信息或T-SQL脚本,如下所述:


0
投票

这里您可以使用FMDB库在Swift中搜索数据库。首先转到此链接,并将其添加到您的项目中FMDB完成此操作后,在这里如何进行操作,例如,您有一个名为Person的表,并且您具有firstName和secondName并且您想按名字查找数据。这是该代码


0
投票

如果我想找到要搜索的内容,我用这个:


-4
投票

假设您不会在整个数据库中进行公开搜索,而您只想自己找到一个关键字,这是最简单,更简洁,更快捷的解决方案。


58
投票

如果您需要按名称查找数据库对象(例如表,列,触发器),请查看名为SQL SearchFREE Red-Gate工具,该工具将执行此操作-它将在整个数据库中搜索任何类型的工具的字符串。

<< img src =“ https://image.soinside.com/eyJ1cmwiOiAiaHR0cHM6Ly9pLnN0YWNrLmltZ3VyLmNvbS9McXpiUy5wbmcifQ==” alt =“在此处输入图像描述”>

“在此处输入图像描述”

对于任何DBA或数据库开发人员来说,这都是一个很棒的必备工具-我是否已经提到它绝对FREE可以用于任何用途?


45
投票

您也可以尝试ApexSQL Search –这是一个免费的SSMS插件,类似于SQL搜索。

如果您真的只想使用sql,则可以尝试使用此脚本

select 
S.name as [Schema], 
o.name as [Object], 
o.type_desc as [Object_Type], 
C.text as [Object_Definition]
from sys.all_objects O inner join sys.schemas S on O.schema_id = S.schema_id
inner join sys.syscomments C on O.object_id = C.id
where S.schema_id not in (3,4) -- avoid searching in sys and INFORMATION_SCHEMA schemas
and C.text like '%ICE_%'
order by [Schema]

17
投票

用于在SQL Server中通过名称获取表:

SELECT *
FROM sys.Tables
WHERE name LIKE '%Employees%'

用于通过名称查找存储过程:

SELECT name
FROM sys.objects
WHERE name = 'spName'

获取与表相关的所有存储过程:

----Option 1
SELECT DISTINCT so.name
FROM syscomments sc
INNER JOIN sysobjects so ON sc.id=so.id
WHERE sc.TEXT LIKE '%tablename%'
----Option 2
SELECT DISTINCT o.name, o.xtype
FROM syscomments c
INNER JOIN sysobjects o ON c.id=o.id
WHERE c.TEXT LIKE '%tablename%'

17
投票

您可以将数据库(如果很小的话)导出到硬盘驱动器/台式机,然后通过文本搜索程序或文本编辑器进行字符串搜索。


5
投票

此代码搜索过程和功能,但不在表中搜索:)

SELECT name FROM   sys.all_objects WHERE  Object_definition(object_id) LIKE '%text%' ORDER BY name

3
投票

您可以;

  1. 将数据库脚本编写为单个文件,然后使用文本在文件中搜索tblEmployees编辑。在SQL Server管理工具(SSMS)中,右键单击数据库,然后选择“生成脚本”。
  2. 通过右键单击tblEmployees使用SSMS'View Dependancies',查看哪些其他对象依赖于它
  3. 使用免费的第三方工具(例如RedGate SQLSearch)按名称搜索所有数据库对象,并按关键字搜索内容。

2
投票

这将在每个数据库中搜索一个字符串:

declare @search_term varchar(max)
set @search_term = 'something'

select @search_term = 'use ? SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
select
    ''[''+db_name()+''].[''+c.name+''].[''+b.name+'']'' as [object],
    b.type_desc as [type],
    d.obj_def.value(''.'',''varchar(max)'') as [definition]
from (
    select distinct
        a.id
    from sys.syscomments a
    where a.[text] like ''%'+@search_term+'%''
) a
inner join sys.all_objects b
    on b.[object_id] = a.id
inner join sys.schemas c
    on c.[schema_id] = b.[schema_id]
cross apply (
    select
        [text()] = a1.[text]
    from sys.syscomments a1
    where a1.id = a.id
    order by a1.colid
    for xml path(''''), type
) d(obj_def)
where c.schema_id not in (3,4) -- avoid searching in sys and INFORMATION_SCHEMA schemas
    and db_id() not in (1,2,3,4) -- avoid sys databases'

if object_id('tempdb..#textsearch') is not null drop table #textsearch
create table #textsearch
(
    [object] varchar(300),
    [type] varchar(300),
    [definition] varchar(max)
)

insert #textsearch
exec sp_MSforeachdb @search_term

select *
from #textsearch
order by [object]

2
投票

[老问题,我知道,但是我的版本在这里...出于明显的原因,我将其命名为“大海捞针”。

它在每一行和每一列中搜索特定值,而不是列名等。>

执行搜索(当然替换前两个变量的值):

DECLARE @SEARCH_DB VARCHAR(100)='REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_DB_NAME'
DECLARE @SEARCH_VALUE_LIKE NVARCHAR(100)=N'%REPLACE_WITH_SEARCH_STRING%'

SET NOCOUNT ON;  
DECLARE col_cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE
FROM information_schema.columns WHERE TABLE_CATALOG=@SEARCH_DB AND DATA_TYPE NOT IN ('timestamp', 'datetime');

DECLARE @TOTAL int = (SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM information_schema.columns WHERE TABLE_CATALOG=@SEARCH_DB AND DATA_TYPE NOT IN ('timestamp', 'datetime'));


DECLARE @TABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(500), @TABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(500), @TABLE_NAME nvarchar(500), @COLUMN_NAME nvarchar(500), @DATA_TYPE nvarchar(500);
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)='';

PRINT '-------- BEGIN SEARCH --------';  
OPEN col_cur;

FETCH NEXT FROM col_cur INTO @TABLE_CATALOG, @TABLE_SCHEMA, @TABLE_NAME, @COLUMN_NAME, @DATA_TYPE;

BEGIN TRY DROP TABLE ##RESULTS; END TRY BEGIN CATCH END CATCH
CREATE TABLE ##RESULTS( TABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(500), TABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(500), TABLE_NAME nvarchar(500), COLUMN_NAME nvarchar(500), DATA_TYPE nvarchar(500), RECORDS int)  
DECLARE @SHOULD_CAST bit=0
DECLARE @i int =0
DECLARE @progress_sum bigint=0

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN
    -- PRINT '' + CAST(@i as varchar(100)) +' of ' + CAST(@TOTAL as varchar(100)) + '  ' + @TABLE_CATALOG+'.'+@TABLE_SCHEMA+'.'+@TABLE_NAME+': '+@COLUMN_NAME+' ('+@DATA_TYPE+')';

    SET @SHOULD_CAST = (SELECT CASE @DATA_TYPE 
                                WHEN 'varchar' THEN 0
                                WHEN 'nvarchar' THEN 0
                                WHEN 'char' THEN 0
                                ELSE 1 END)

    SET @SQL='SELECT '''+@TABLE_CATALOG+''' catalog_name, '''+@TABLE_SCHEMA+''' schema_name, '''+@TABLE_NAME+''' table_name, '''+@COLUMN_NAME+''' column_name, '''+@DATA_TYPE+''' data_type, ' + 
            +' COUNT(['+@COLUMN_NAME+']) records '+
            +' FROM '+@TABLE_CATALOG+'.'+@TABLE_SCHEMA+'.'+@TABLE_NAME +
            +' WHERE ' + CASE WHEN @SHOULD_CAST=1 THEN 'CAST(['+@COLUMN_NAME + '] as NVARCHAR(max)) ' ELSE ' ['+@COLUMN_NAME + '] ' END 
            +' LIKE '''+ @SEARCH_VALUE_LIKE + ''' '

    -- PRINT @SQL;

    IF @i % 100 = 0
        BEGIN
            SET @progress_sum = (SELECT SUM(RECORDS) FROM ##RESULTS)
            PRINT CAST (@i as varchar(100)) +' of ' + CAST(@TOTAL as varchar(100)) +': '+ CAST (@progress_sum as varchar(100))
        END

    INSERT INTO ##RESULTS (TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, RECORDS)
    EXEC(@SQL)

    FETCH NEXT FROM col_cur INTO @TABLE_CATALOG, @TABLE_SCHEMA, @TABLE_NAME, @COLUMN_NAME, @DATA_TYPE;
    SET @i=@i+1
    -- IF @i > 1000
    --  BREAK
END   
CLOSE col_cur;  
DEALLOCATE col_cur;

SELECT * FROM ##RESULTS WHERE RECORDS>0;

然后在另一个窗口中查看结果,即使在执行时也执行:

DECLARE @SEARCH_VALUE_LIKE NVARCHAR(100)=N'%@FLEX@%'
SELECT * FROM ##RESULTS WHERE RECORDS>0;

SET NOCOUNT ON;  
DECLARE col_cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE
FROM ##RESULTS WHERE RECORDS>0;

DECLARE @TABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(500), @TABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(500), @TABLE_NAME nvarchar(500), @COLUMN_NAME nvarchar(500), @DATA_TYPE nvarchar(500);
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)='';

OPEN col_cur;

FETCH NEXT FROM col_cur INTO @TABLE_CATALOG, @TABLE_SCHEMA, @TABLE_NAME, @COLUMN_NAME, @DATA_TYPE;
DECLARE @i int =0
DECLARE @SHOULD_CAST bit=0

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN
    SET @SHOULD_CAST = (SELECT CASE @DATA_TYPE 
                                WHEN 'varchar' THEN 0
                                WHEN 'nvarchar' THEN 0
                                WHEN 'char' THEN 0
                                ELSE 1 END)

    SET @SQL='SELECT '''+@TABLE_CATALOG+''' catalog_name, '''+@TABLE_SCHEMA+''' schema_name, '''+@TABLE_NAME+''' table_name, '''+@COLUMN_NAME+''' column_name, '''+@DATA_TYPE+''' data_type, ' + 
            +' ['+@COLUMN_NAME+']'+
            +', * '
            +' FROM '+@TABLE_CATALOG+'.'+@TABLE_SCHEMA+'.'+@TABLE_NAME +
            +' WHERE ' + CASE WHEN @SHOULD_CAST=1 THEN 'CAST(['+@COLUMN_NAME + '] as NVARCHAR(max)) ' ELSE ' ['+@COLUMN_NAME + '] ' END 
            +' LIKE '''+ @SEARCH_VALUE_LIKE + ''' '

    PRINT @SQL;

    EXEC(@SQL)

    FETCH NEXT FROM col_cur INTO @TABLE_CATALOG, @TABLE_SCHEMA, @TABLE_NAME, @COLUMN_NAME, @DATA_TYPE;
    SET @i=@i+1
    -- IF @i > 10
    --  BREAK
END   
CLOSE col_cur;  
DEALLOCATE col_cur;

很少提及:

  • 它使用游标而不是在while循环中进行阻止
  • 它可以打印进度(如果需要,可以取消注释)
  • 它可以在尝试几次后退出(最后取消对IF的注释)
  • 它显示所有记录
  • 您可以根据需要对其进行微调
  • 免责声明:

  • 请勿在生产环境中运行它!
  • 很慢。如果其他服务/用户访问了该数据库,请在所有选择中的每个表名之后添加“ WITH(NOLOCK)”,尤其是动态选择项。
  • 它不能验证/防止各种SQL注入选项。
  • 如果数据库很大,请准备一下睡眠,确保几分钟后该查询不会被杀死。
  • 它将一些值转换为字符串,包括ints / bigints / smallints / tinyints。如果不需要它们,请将其放在脚本顶部相同时间戳的排除列表中。
  • 希望这会有所帮助。

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