而且我的数据库有3列杂货ID（长-自动生成），杂货名（字符串）和杂货状态（整数-1/0）。

Question

当我不使用LiveData而使用getItemsBasedOnStatus（status：Int）时，便能够检索数据。但是，当它与LiveData包装在一起时，我将得到null。

另一个问题是，当我从数据库中获取项目列表而没有使用LiveData包装并在ViewModel中分配给MutableLiveData时，则所分配的MutableLiveData显示空值。我对此有很多疑问，但没有答案。

为我的viewModel和Fragment添加代码
ViewModel
class GroceryListViewModel(
val database: GroceryListDao,
application: Application
) : AndroidViewModel(application) {

private var viewModelJob = Job()
private val uiScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main + viewModelJob)

var grocerylistItems = database.getAllItems()
var groceryItem = MutableLiveData<GroceryList>()
var groceryitems = MutableLiveData<List<GroceryList>>()

init {
    getAllItemsFromDatabase()
}

fun insertIntoDatabase(item: GroceryList) {
    uiScope.launch {
        insert(item)
    }
}

private suspend fun insert(item: GroceryList) {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        database.insert(item)
    }
}

fun updateGrocerylist(itemId: Long, status: Int) {
    uiScope.launch {
        groceryItem.value = getItem(itemId)
        groceryItem.value?.itemStatus = status
        groceryItem.value?.let { update(it) }

    }
}

private suspend fun update(item: GroceryList) {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        database.update(item)
    }
}


private suspend fun getItem(itemId: Long): GroceryList? {
    return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        var item = database.getItem(itemId)
        item
    }
}

fun getAllItemsFromDatabase() {
    uiScope.launch {
        getAllItems()
    }
}

private suspend fun getAllItems() {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        grocerylistItems = database.getAllItems()


    }
}

fun getPendingItemsFromDatabase(status: Int) {
    uiScope.launch {
        getPendingItems(status)
    }
}

private suspend fun getPendingItems(status: Int) {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        val items = database.getItemsBasedOnStatus(status)
        groceryitems.postValue(items)
        Log.i("Grocery List", "Pending Items:" + items.size)

    }
}

fun getDoneItemsFromDatabase(status: Int) {
    uiScope.launch {
        getDoneItems(status)
    }
}

private suspend fun getDoneItems(status: Int) {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        val items = database.getItemsBasedOnStatus(status)
        groceryitems.postValue(items)
        Log.i("Grocery List", "Done Items:" + items.size)
    }
}

fun clearAllItemsFromDatabase() {
    uiScope.launch {
        clearItems()
    }
}

private suspend fun clearItems() {
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
        database.clear()
        getAllItemsFromDatabase()
    }
}

override fun onCleared() {
    super.onCleared()
    viewModelJob.cancel()
}
}

片段

class GroceryLIstFragment : Fragment() {

override fun onCreateView(
    inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
    savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    val binding = FragmentGroceryLIstBinding.inflate(inflater,container,false)

    val application = requireNotNull(this.activity).application
    val dataSource = GroceryDatabase.getInstance(application)?.groceryListDatabaseDao

    val viewModelFactory = dataSource?.let { GroceryListViewModelFactory(it, application) }

    val viewModel = viewModelFactory?.let {
        ViewModelProvider(
            this,
            it
        ).get(GroceryListViewModel::class.java)
    }

    viewModel?.grocerylistItems?.observe(this , Observer {
        binding.grocerylistView.removeAllViews() // is it correct ?
        for (item in it){
            Log.i("Grocery List","Grocery Id=" + item.itemId+" ,Grocery Name=" + item.itemName +", Grocery status="+item.itemStatus)
            addItemToScrollbar(item, binding, viewModel)
        }
    })


    binding.addGrocery.setOnClickListener {

        val imm = context?.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE) as InputMethodManager
        imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(view?.windowToken, 0)

        val item = binding.groceryitemField.text.toString()

        if (!item.isNullOrBlank()) {
            val newItem = GroceryList(itemName = item)
            viewModel?.insertIntoDatabase(newItem)
            if (viewModel != null) {
                addItemToScrollbar(newItem, binding,viewModel)
            }
            binding.groceryitemField.text.clear()
        }
    }

    binding.doneCheckbox.setOnClickListener {
        if (binding.doneCheckbox.isChecked)
            viewModel?.getDoneItemsFromDatabase(1)
        else
            viewModel?.getAllItemsFromDatabase()

    }

    binding.pendingCheckbox.setOnClickListener {
        if (binding.pendingCheckbox.isChecked) {
            viewModel?.getPendingItemsFromDatabase(0)
        }
        else
            viewModel?.getAllItemsFromDatabase()

    }

    binding.clearGrocery.setOnClickListener {
        viewModel?.clearAllItemsFromDatabase()
        binding.grocerylistView.removeAllViews()
    }

    return binding.root
}

private fun addItemToScrollbar(
    item: GroceryList,
    binding: FragmentGroceryLIstBinding,
    viewModel: GroceryListViewModel
) {
    val itemBox = AppCompatCheckBox(context)
    itemBox.text = item.itemName
    itemBox.isChecked = item.itemStatus == 1
    binding.grocerylistView.addView(itemBox)
    itemBox.setOnClickListener {
        val itemstatus: Int = if (itemBox.isChecked)
            1
        else {
            0
        }
        viewModel?.updateGrocerylist(item.itemId,itemstatus)

    }

}

}

任何帮助将不胜感激。

我正在使用以下DAO @Dao界面GroceryListDao {@插入有趣的insert（list：GroceryList）@Update fun update（list：GroceryList）@Query（“从杂货清单表中删除”）fun clear（）@ ...

Answer 1

[如果要在ViewModel中检索数据，则没有viewLifecycleOwner，则可以使用“ observeForever（）”，但随后必须显式删除Observer，请参见此answer