用ElementTree解析.targets文件没有找到指定的标签

Question

我正在尝试使用 ElementTree 从 NuGet 包的 .targets 文件中解析信息。 我试图找到的是标签

<AdditionalIncludeDirectories>

。我正在使用以下 python 代码来尝试获取它：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree =  ET.parse(targets_file_path)
config_root = tree.getroot()
namespace = config_root.tag.replace("Project", "")
to_find = f"{namespace}AdditionalIncludeDirectories"
include_dirs = config_root.findall(to_find)
include_directory_list = []
for p in include_dirs:
    include_directory_list.append(p)

这本质上是 python 文档 中的第一个示例。然而，在我执行此代码片段后，列表

include_directory_list

是空的。

但是，当我打印每个标签时，我得到以下输出：

depth = 0
item_list = []
for it in config_root:
    item_list.append([depth, it])
    
while len(item_list) > 0:
    d, it = item_list.pop(0)
    print(f"depth {d}: {it.tag}")
    for subit in it:
        item_list.append([d+1, subit])

产量：

depth 0: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}PropertyGroup
depth 0: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ItemDefinitionGroup
depth 0: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ItemDefinitionGroup
depth 1: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ClCompile
depth 1: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}Link
depth 1: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}Link
depth 2: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AdditionalIncludeDirectories
depth 2: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AdditionalDependencies
depth 2: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AdditionalLibraryDirectorie
depth 2: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AdditionalDependencies
depth 2: {http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AdditionalLibraryDirectories

这正是我期望的输出。第一个深度 = 2 的项目是我正在寻找的项目，并且名称似乎是我输入到

findall()

的项目。我也尝试了

iterfind()

，但这也没有给我正确的输出。还有传递命名空间字典的选项，我也尝试过，得到了相同的结果。 我感觉我要么看到了错误，要么错过了一些非常非常明显的东西。

任何帮助将不胜感激！

---

PS： XML 如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <ItemDefinitionGroup>
        <ClCompile>
            <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)native\include\;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
        </ClCompile>
    </ItemDefinitionGroup>
    <ItemDefinitionGroup>
        <Link Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Debug'">
            <AdditionalDependencies>mylib_d.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
            <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)native\lib;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
        </Link>
        <Link Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Release'">
            <AdditionalDependencies>mylib.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
            <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)native\lib;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
        </Link>
    </ItemDefinitionGroup>
</Project>

Answer 1

您必须定义命名空间，然后才能使用

find()

进行搜索：

ns = {'': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003'}
print(root.find(".//AdditionalIncludeDirectories", ns).text)

输出：

$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)native\include\;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)