Python：在 3d 绘图的 x-y 平面上绘制底图

Question

我正在尝试获取

中包含的代码

https://basemaptutorial.readthedocs.io/en/latest/basemap3d.html

去工作。但是，我在第一个片段中已经收到错误：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap

map = Basemap()

fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)

'''
ax.azim = 270
ax.elev = 90
ax.dist = 5
'''

ax.add_collection3d(map.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.25))
ax.add_collection3d(map.drawcountries(linewidth=0.35))

plt.show()

错误内容为：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".../main.py", line 16, in <module>
    ax.add_collection3d(map.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.25))
  File ".../venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py", line 2314, in add_collection3d
    collection = super().add_collection(col)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File ".../venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 2260, in add_collection
    self._set_artist_props(collection)
  File ".../venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 1177, in _set_artist_props
    a.axes = self
    ^^^^^^
  File ".../venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 302, in axes
    raise ValueError("Can not reset the axes.  You are probably "
ValueError: Can not reset the axes.  You are probably trying to re-use an artist in more than one Axes which is not supported

Process finished with exit code 1

我还找不到解决方案。我的最终目标是实现类似于用户 guidocioni 在此显示的内容：https://community.plotly.com/t/adding-a-world-map-to-a-3d-volume-graph-python/33592/ 2

Answer 1

drawcoastlines

创建一个 Matplotlib

LineCollection

并在返回之前将其添加到 2D 轴。 现代 Matplotlib 不允许您将同一艺术家添加到两个轴。 我们可以直接从 LineCollection

 属性创建 

coastsegs

 并将其添加到 3D 轴。  

drawcountries

 类似，只不过它

调用私有方法来确保 cntrysegs

 属性存在

。 因此，作为解决方法，我首先将国家/地区添加到二维图中，然后将其丢弃。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection

map = Basemap()

# Draw and discard a dummy 2D plot so that country data is added as the
# cntrysegs attribute.
fig, dummy_ax = plt.subplots()
map.drawcountries(ax=dummy_ax)
plt.close(fig)

# Create the figure and 3D axes we are actually going to use.
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')

# Create and add boundary LineCollections.
coastlines = LineCollection(map.coastsegs, linewidth=0.25, color='black')
countries = LineCollection(map.cntrysegs, linewidth=0.35, color='black')
ax.add_collection3d(coastlines)
ax.add_collection3d(countries)

# Set global x and y limits.
ax.set_xlim(-180, 180)
ax.set_ylim(-90, 90)

plt.show()