我想将一个脚本加载到redis中,该脚本将导出将来执行的脚本将依赖的函数,但尝试定义全局函数失败,全局变量也是如此:
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> EVAL "function alex() return 3.1415 end" 0
(error) ERR Error running script (call to f_f24a5a054d91ccc74c2629e113f8f639bbedbfa2): user_script:1: Script attempted to create global variable 'alex'
如何定义全局函数和变量?
查看 scripting.c 文件中的源代码
/* This function installs metamethods in the global table _G that prevent
* the creation of globals accidentally.
*
* It should be the last to be called in the scripting engine initialization
* sequence, because it may interact with creation of globals. */
void scriptingEnableGlobalsProtection(lua_State *lua) {
char *s[32];
sds code = sdsempty();
int j = 0;
/* strict.lua from: http://metalua.luaforge.net/src/lib/strict.lua.html.
* Modified to be adapted to Redis. */
s[j++]="local mt = {}\n";
s[j++]="setmetatable(_G, mt)\n";
s[j++]="mt.__newindex = function (t, n, v)\n";
s[j++]=" if debug.getinfo(2) then\n";
s[j++]=" local w = debug.getinfo(2, \"S\").what\n";
s[j++]=" if w ~= \"main\" and w ~= \"C\" then\n";
s[j++]=" error(\"Script attempted to create global variable '\"..tostring(n)..\"'\", 2)\n";
s[j++]=" end\n";
s[j++]=" end\n";
s[j++]=" rawset(t, n, v)\n";
s[j++]="end\n";
s[j++]="mt.__index = function (t, n)\n";
s[j++]=" if debug.getinfo(2) and debug.getinfo(2, \"S\").what ~= \"C\" then\n";
s[j++]=" error(\"Script attempted to access unexisting global variable '\"..tostring(n)..\"'\", 2)\n";
s[j++]=" end\n";
s[j++]=" return rawget(t, n)\n";
s[j++]="end\n";
s[j++]=NULL;
for (j = 0; s[j] != NULL; j++) code = sdscatlen(code,s[j],strlen(s[j]));
luaL_loadbuffer(lua,code,sdslen(code),"@enable_strict_lua");
lua_pcall(lua,0,0,0);
sdsfree(code);
}
scriptingEnableGlobalsProtection
的文档字符串表示其目的是通知脚本作者常见错误(不使用local
)。
看起来这不是安全功能,所以我们有两个解决方案:
可以删除此保护:
local mt = setmetatable(_G, nil)
-- define global functions / variables
function alex() return 3.1415 end
-- return globals protection mechanizm
setmetatable(_G, mt)
或使用
rawset
:
local function alex() return 3.1415 end
rawset(_G, "alex", alex)
你可以将你定义的函数赋值给一个var,并通过var名称来调用,如:
local add = function(a, b)
return a + b
end
local sum = add(1, 3)
这种方式对我来说效果很好,即使在版本 3.x 的 Redis 上也是如此。