NoClassDefFoundError：org/bouncycastle/jce/provider/BouncyCastleProvider

Question

我升级了插件

id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.6.5'

，这导致了以下更改

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.6.5'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.11.RELEASE'
    id 'jacoco'
    id 'org.barfuin.gradle.jacocolog' version '1.0.1'
}

bootRun {
    args = [
            '--spring.config.location=./src/configs.properties',
    ]
}

springBoot {
    mainClass = 'com.company.service.ServiceClass'
}

jar {
    // This would avoid creating an additional "-plain" jar
    enabled = true
    archiveClassifier = ''
    // Before the plugin upgrade I wasnt getting manifest attribute related error. Because of one of such errors, I added it the attribute explicitly.
    manifest {
        attributes 'Main-Class': 'com.company.service.ServiceClass'
    }
}

bootJar {
    layered {
        enabled = true
    }
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
    implementation 'org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk16:1.46'
    implementation 'org.immutables:value:2.9.0'
    implementation('org.apache.lucene:lucene-core:8.10.0')
    implementation('com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.13.2')
    implementation('com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.13.2')
    implementation('com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.13.2')
    implementation('org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:5.2.2')
    implementation('io.netty:netty-codec:4.1.75.Final')
    implementation 'com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-cbor:2.13.2'
    compileOnly 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.22'
    annotationProcessor 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.22'
    annotationProcessor 'org.immutables:value:2.9.0'

    implementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:2.6.5') {
        testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') {
            exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-logging'
            exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-simple'
            exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-log4j12'
            exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'jcl-over-slf4j'
            exclude group: 'ch.qos.logback', module: 'logback-classic'
        }
        exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-logging'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-simple'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-log4j12'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'jcl-over-slf4j'
        exclude group: 'ch.qos.logback', module: 'logback-classic'
        implementation('org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:9.0.54')
    }
    implementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security:2.6.5') {
        exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-logging'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-simple'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-log4j12'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'jcl-over-slf4j'
        exclude group: 'ch.qos.logback', module: 'logback-classic'
    }

    implementation('org.keycloak:keycloak-spring-boot-starter:17.0.1') {
        exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-logging'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-simple'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'slf4j-log4j12'
        exclude group: 'org.slf4j', module: 'jcl-over-slf4j'
        exclude group: 'ch.qos.logback', module: 'logback-classic'
    }
    implementation('org.keycloak.bom:keycloak-adapter-bom:17.0.1')
    implementation('io.springfox:springfox-boot-starter:3.0.0')
    implementation('io.springfox:springfox-swagger-ui:3.0.0')
}
// some jacoco and checkstyle configs here.

当我运行 jar 时，出现以下错误

>> java -jar build/libs/service-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/bouncycastle/jce/provider/BouncyCastleProvider
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)

从我在SO上找到的解决方案中，我添加了依赖项

implementation group: 'org.bouncycastle', name: 'bcprov-jdk16', version: '1.46'

但这行不通。另外我还在用jdk8，jdk8没有

org.bouncycastle

。 有什么建议可以解决这个异常吗？

编辑： 使用 IntelliJ 运行应用程序不会引发此问题。但从命令行运行时会发生。

编辑：

>> % java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_292"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_292-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.292-b10, mixed mode)

完整堆栈跟踪

% java -jar build/libs/my-service-class.jar 
Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/bouncycastle/jce/provider/BouncyCastleProvider
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:650)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:632)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:418)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:352)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:351)
    ... 7 more

Answer 1

使用 intelliJ 运行应用程序不会引发此问题。但 从命令行运行时会发生。

java -jar build/libs/my-service-class.jar

对于直接从命令行执行jar，它应该包含清单信息。假设上述 jar 包含与您面临的另一个问题相同的内容（找不到类 def），所以看起来您的 jar my-service-class.jar 是薄 jar 并且不包含其他依赖项您已添加到项目中。有两种方法可以解决这个问题。您可以使用可用的插件创建 uber jar 即包含所有依赖项的 jar，然后执行该命令，或者只是将所有必需的依赖项添加到某个文件夹中并在运行上述命令时为其提供路径。