我知道这个问题已被多次询问，但我似乎无法将任何解决方案应用于我自己的情况。
我正在抓取某个网站的特定值，但是，这些值存在于网站上的不同配置文件中。因此，我登录，检索值，注销，在新配置文件下重新登录，检索值，注销等。
问题出在其中一个悬停菜单项上，它们似乎生成了陈旧的元素引用。我认为这是由于我退出并再次返回？这是可以修复还是我应该只是启动一个新的WebDriver实例？
这是我到目前为止的代码，在我看来我是Python的新手，所以请原谅任何愚蠢的错误或假设：
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import ui
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import StaleElementReferenceException
options = Options()
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:/Users/SChogle/Downloads/chromedriver.exe')
actions = ActionChains(driver)
driver.get("xxxxx")
iframe = ui.WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, "iframe")))
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
driver.find_element_by_id("Username").send_keys("xxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("Password").send_keys("xxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("submit_button").click()
driver.switch_to.default_content()
Investment = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.menu.menuTopCenter > ul > li:nth-child(3) > a")))
actions.move_to_element(Investment).perform()
Investment_Summary = (WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"li:nth-child(3) > div > div:nth-child(1) > a")))).click()
Imp_Prov = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div#product-UT td.portfolioProductContractFundHeaderValueRight"))).get_attribute('innerHTML').strip()
print(Imp_Prov)
#log-out
log_out = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a#btnLogoff"))).click()
#log back in
iframe = ui.WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, "iframe")))
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
driver.find_element_by_id("Username").send_keys("xxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("Password").send_keys("xxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("submit_button").click()
driver.switch_to.default_content()
tries = 0
while tries < 3:
try:
Investment = WebDriverWait(driver, 10,).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.menu.menuTopCenter > ul > li:nth-child(3) > a")))
actions.move_to_element(Investment).perform()
tries = 3
except StaleElementReferenceException:
tries += 1
Investment_Summary1 = (WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"li:nth-child(3) > div > div:nth-child(1) > a")))).click()
Imp_Pen = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div#product-UT td.portfolioProductContractFundHeaderValueRight"))).get_attribute('innerHTML').strip()
print(Imp_Pen)
请参阅下面的stacktrace：
174,256,175.68 ZAR
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/SChogle/PycharmProjects/test1/venv/Web Scraping - BCI.py", line 60, in <module>
Investment_Summary1 = (WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"li:nth-child(3) > div > div:nth-child(1) > a")))).click()
File "C:\Users\SChogle\PycharmProjects\test1\venv\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\support\wait.py", line 80, in until
raise TimeoutException(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException: Message:
Process finished with exit code 1
如果你看看source code
class element_to_be_clickable(object):
""" An Expectation for checking an element is visible and enabled such that you can click it."""
def __init__(self, locator):
self.locator = locator
def __call__(self, driver):
element = visibility_of_element_located(self.locator)(driver)
if element and element.is_enabled():
return element
else:
return False
该元素可能在if element and element.is_enabled():位于前一行（visibility_of_element_located处理StaleElementReferenceException）之前变得陈旧。您可以将ignored_exceptions=[StaleElementReferenceException]添加到WebDriverWait的减速度来解决此问题
Investment1 = WebDriverWait(driver, 10, ignored_exceptions=[StaleElementReferenceException]).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.menu.menuTopCenter > ul > li:nth-child(3) > a")))
还有一点：
frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it处理框架options = Options()
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options,
executable_path=r'C:/Users/SChogle/Downloads/chromedriver.exe')
actions = ActionChains(driver)
driver.get("xxxxxxx")
def do_login():
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.TAG_NAME, "iframe")))
driver.find_element_by_id("Username").send_keys("xxxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("Password").send_keys("xxxxx")
driver.find_element_by_id("submit_button").click()
driver.switch_to.default_content()
def print_content():
investment = WebDriverWait(driver, 10, ignored_exceptions=[StaleElementReferenceException]).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.menu.menuTopCenter > ul > li:nth-child(3) > a")))
actions.move_to_element(investment).perform()
investment_summary = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"li:nth-child(3) > div > div:nth-child(1) > a"))).click()
imp_prov = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div#product-UT td.portfolioProductContractFundHeaderValueRight"))).get_attribute('innerHTML').strip()
print(imp_prov)
do_login()
print_content()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("a#btnLogoff").click()
do_login()
print_content()
编辑：
根据堆栈跟踪，您添加的异常实际上是在actions.move_to_element(Investment1).perform()上。它可以通过简单的循环和重试来解决
tries = 0
while tries < 3:
try:
investment = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.menu.menuTopCenter > ul > li:nth-child(3) > a")))
actions.move_to_element(investment).perform()
tries = 3
except StaleElementReferenceException:
tries += 1
尝试使用 -