我已经经历了很多SO帖子，但对我来说还没有任何效果。我试图在设备进入地理围栏时触发通知。但是在应用程序打开之前它不会触发。当应用程序处于后台时，如何触发通知？
地理围栏：
public class Geofencing implements ResultCallback {
// Constants
public static final String TAG = Geofencing.class.getSimpleName();
private static final float GEOFENCE_RADIUS = 50; // 50 meters
private static final long GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 24 hours
private List<Geofence> mGeofenceList;
private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent;
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
private Context mContext;
public Geofencing(Context context, GoogleApiClient client) {
mContext = context;
mGoogleApiClient = client;
mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
}
/***
* Registers the list of Geofences specified in mGeofenceList with Google Place Services
* Uses {@code #mGoogleApiClient} to connect to Google Place Services
* Uses {@link #getGeofencingRequest} to get the list of Geofences to be registered
* Uses {@link #getGeofencePendingIntent} to get the pending intent to launch the IntentService
* when the Geofence is triggered
* Triggers {@link #onResult} when the geofences have been registered successfully
*/
public void registerAllGeofences() {
// Check that the API client is connected and that the list has Geofences in it
if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected() ||
mGeofenceList == null || mGeofenceList.size() == 0) {
return;
}
try {
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.addGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencingRequest(),
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
} catch (SecurityException securityException) {
// Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
}
}
/***
* Unregisters all the Geofences created by this app from Google Place Services
* Uses {@code #mGoogleApiClient} to connect to Google Place Services
* Uses {@link #getGeofencePendingIntent} to get the pending intent passed when
* registering the Geofences in the first place
* Triggers {@link #onResult} when the geofences have been unregistered successfully
*/
public void unRegisterAllGeofences() {
if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
return;
}
try {
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.removeGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
// This is the same pending intent that was used in registerGeofences
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
} catch (SecurityException securityException) {
// Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
}
}
/***
* Updates the local ArrayList of Geofences using data from the passed in list
* Uses the Place ID defined by the API as the Geofence object Id
*
* @param places the PlaceBuffer result of the getPlaceById call
*/
public void updateGeofencesList(PlaceBuffer places) {
mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
if (places == null || places.getCount() == 0) return;
for (Place place : places) {
// Read the place information from the DB cursor
String placeUID = place.getId();
double placeLat = place.getLatLng().latitude;
double placeLng = place.getLatLng().longitude;
// Build a Geofence object
Geofence geofence = new Geofence.Builder()
.setRequestId(placeUID)
.setExpirationDuration(GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT)
.setCircularRegion(placeLat, placeLng, GEOFENCE_RADIUS)
.setTransitionTypes(Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER | Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
.build();
// Add it to the list
mGeofenceList.add(geofence);
}
}
/***
* Creates a GeofencingRequest object using the mGeofenceList ArrayList of Geofences
* Used by {@code #registerGeofences}
*
* @return the GeofencingRequest object
*/
private GeofencingRequest getGeofencingRequest() {
GeofencingRequest.Builder builder = new GeofencingRequest.Builder();
builder.setInitialTrigger(GeofencingRequest.INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER);
builder.addGeofences(mGeofenceList);
return builder.build();
}
/***
* Creates a PendingIntent object using the GeofenceTransitionsIntentService class
* Used by {@code #registerGeofences}
*
* @return the PendingIntent object
*/
private PendingIntent getGeofencePendingIntent() {
// Reuse the PendingIntent if we already have it.
if (mGeofencePendingIntent != null) {
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
}
//Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class);
Intent intent = new Intent("com.aol.android.geofence.ACTION_RECEIVE_GEOFENCE");
mGeofencePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, intent, PendingIntent.
FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
}
@Override
public void onResult(@NonNull Result result) {
Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error adding/removing geofence : %s",
result.getStatus().toString()));
}
}
Geofence BroadcastReceiver：
public class GeofenceBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
public static final String TAG = GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
/***
* Handles the Broadcast message sent when the Geofence Transition is triggered
* Careful here though, this is running on the main thread so make sure you start an AsyncTask for
* anything that takes longer than say 10 second to run
*
* @param context
* @param intent
*/
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// Get the Geofence Event from the Intent sent through
Log.d("onRecccc","trt");
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
if (geofencingEvent.hasError()) {
Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
return;
}
// Get the transition type.
int geofenceTransition = geofencingEvent.getGeofenceTransition();
// Check which transition type has triggered this event
// Send the notification
sendNotification(context, geofenceTransition);
}
/**
* Posts a notification in the notification bar when a transition is detected
* Uses different icon drawables for different transition types
* If the user clicks the notification, control goes to the MainActivity
*
* @param context The calling context for building a task stack
* @param transitionType The geofence transition type, can be Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER
* or Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT
*/
private void sendNotification(Context context, int transitionType) {
// Create an explicit content Intent that starts the main Activity.
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);
// Construct a task stack.
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(context);
// Add the main Activity to the task stack as the parent.
stackBuilder.addParentStack(MainActivity.class);
// Push the content Intent onto the stack.
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(notificationIntent);
// Get a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack.
PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent =
stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
// Get a notification builder
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(context);
// Check the transition type to display the relevant icon image
if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER) {
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
.setContentTitle("You have a task nearby")
.setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION))
//Vibration
.setVibrate(new long[]{300,300})
.setLights(Color.RED, 3000, 3000);
//LED
} else if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT) {
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
.setContentTitle(context.getString(R.string.back_to_normal));
}
// Continue building the notification
builder.setContentText(context.getString(R.string.touch_to_relaunch));
builder.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);
// Dismiss notification once the user touches it.
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
// Get an instance of the Notification manager
NotificationManager mNotificationManager =
(NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Issue the notification
mNotificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());
}
}
编辑：
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
//Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
//Connect to location services
mClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
.addConnectionCallbacks(this)
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.addApi(Places.GEO_DATA_API)
.addApi(Places.PLACE_DETECTION_API)
.build();
mGeofencing = new Geofencing(this, mClient);
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
if (geofencingEvent.hasError()) {
Log.e("dsadsa", String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
return;
}
}
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
//Add geofences
mGeofencing.registerAllGeofences();
}
到目前为止我已经这样做了，但仍然没有运气..
我有同样的问题，直到应用程序处于前景地理位置工作完美并且每次设备进入/退出时触发但是当应用程序进入后台时我没有得到任何通知。
我怀疑它是Android O背景限制，但它也不适用于Android 7。
我尝试过使用Broadcaster接收器或服务，两者都在前台工作但在后台工作。必须有一些我们错过的（或错误），因为它们不可能在后台工作。
当应用程序在后台时（用户单击“主页”按钮，或多次返回，直到他看到主屏幕），我遇到同样的问题。
我尝试通过在Manifest中注册BroadcastReceiver而不是IntentService来解决它。它没有帮助，因为我得到了相同的结果..
然后，我尝试了这个：打开应用程序，添加地理围栏并进入主屏幕。你可能已经明白地理围栏没有触发..但是当我点击谷歌地图而不是我的应用程序..它被触发了！
因此，如果有任何应用程序请求位置更新（如谷歌地图），似乎正在开发背景。
所以我尝试了这种方法：我创建了一个粘性服务，用于使用LocationServices.FusedLocationApi请求位置更新..此服务包含GoogleApiClient并实现GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks和GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener
但猜猜怎么了？它仍然无法在背景上工作:(
更新：在我尝试了很多次以使其工作之后......它终于奏效了！我有一个带有Google Play services (version 11.3.02)和Android 7.0的Android模拟器如果你想要一个很好的解释如何使用Geofence以及如何使用模拟器take a look at this link进行检查
现在，当应用程序在前台然后在后台运行时，我已尝试使用此模拟器进行地理围栏！
当我说它在背景上对我不起作用时，该模拟器上的Android版本是Android 8.所以我想我需要找到一个适用于Android 8的解决方案 - >一个好的开始是这个this documentation link，他们在那里解释他们如何现在处理后台和前台应用程序。
您发布的代码是关于在应用运行+处理地理围栏事件时注册地理围栏。此外，根据documentation，有五个事件您应该重新注册您的地理围栏：
让我们一个一个地弄清楚：
关于2和3没有任何关系，如果地理围栏被分配到您的应用程序中的某种经过身份验证的活动，那么您根本不需要它们。
关于4，它几乎就像2和3，我没有尝试深入研究这个，但我认为没有办法听这个事件。
通过注册BroadcastReceiver可以很容易地解决1：
public class BootBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
context.startService(startServiceIntent);
}
}
注意AddingGeofencesService，一旦在BootBroadcastReceiver收到意图，你应该创建一个服务来添加地理围栏。像这样的东西：
public class AddingGeofencesService extends IntentService implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks {
public AddingGeofencesService() {
super("AddingGeofencesService");
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
//Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
//Connect to location services
}
}
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
//Add geofences
}
...
}
我们不要忘记清单代码：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<service android:name=".AddingGeofencesService"/>
<receiver android:name=".BootBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
5主要指位置提供者的变化。这种情况的解决方案也是BroadcastReceiver。
public class LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
boolean isGpsEnabled;
boolean isNetworkEnabled;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (intent.getAction().matches("android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED"))
{
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
isGpsEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
isNetworkEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
if (isGpsEnabled || isNetworkEnabled) {
Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
context.startService(startServiceIntent);
}
}
}
}
表现：
<receiver
android:name=".LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver"
android:exported="false" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
编辑：
我在这里提供用于管理地理围栏的代码。除了上面的答案之外，还有它。
我排除了与答案无关的LocationServicesManager子类。
/*
* This class does not handle permission checks/missing permissions. The context that's containing
* this class is responsible of that.
*/
public class LocationServicesManager implements
GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener {
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
private Context context;
public GeofencesManager geofencesManager;
private OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;
public LocationServicesManager(Context context,
OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener) {
this.context = context;
this.onGoogleServicesConnectedListener = onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;
buildGoogleApiClient(context);
}
public void GeofencesManager() {
geofencesManager = new GeofencesManager();
}
//region Definition, handling connection
private synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient(Context context) {
mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(context)
.addConnectionCallbacks(this)
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.build();
}
public void connect() {
mGoogleApiClient.connect();
}
public void disconnect() {
if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
mGoogleApiClient.disconnect();
}
}
public boolean isConnected() {
return mGoogleApiClient.isConnected();
}
@SuppressWarnings({"MissingPermission"})
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
onGoogleServicesConnectedListener.onGoogleServicesConnected();
}
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(@NonNull ConnectionResult result) {
Log.i(TAG, "Connection failed: ConnectionResult.getErrorCode() = " + result.getErrorCode());
}
@Override
public void onConnectionSuspended(int cause) {
// Trying to re-establish the connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Connection suspended");
mGoogleApiClient.connect();
}
//endregion
public class GeofencesManager implements ResultCallback<Status> {
private ArrayList<Geofence> mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
private GeofencesManager() {
}
public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, Location location, int radius) {
addGeofenceToList(key, expirationDuration, new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude()), radius);
}
public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, LatLng location, int radius) {
if (location != null) {
mGeofenceList.add(new Geofence.Builder()
.setRequestId(key)
.setCircularRegion(location.latitude, location.longitude, radius)
.setExpirationDuration(expirationDuration)
.setTransitionTypes(Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_DWELL
| Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER
| Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
.setLoiteringDelay(1000 * 30)
.build());
}
}
/**
* Runs when the result of calling addGeofences() and removeGeofences() becomes available.
* Either method can complete successfully or with an error.
*/
public void onResult(@NonNull Status status) {
if (status.isSuccess()) {
Log.i(TAG, "onResult: " + status.toString());
} else {
Log.e(TAG, getGeofenceErrorString(status.getStatusCode()));
}
}
/**
* Gets a PendingIntent to send with the request to add or remove Geofences. Location Services
* issues the Intent inside this PendingIntent whenever a geofence transition occurs for the
* current list of geofences.
*
* @return A PendingIntent for the IntentService that handles geofence transitions.
*/
private PendingIntent getGeofencePendingIntent() {
if (mGeofencePendingIntent != null) {
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
}
Intent intent = new Intent(context, GeofenceTransitionsIntentService.class);
// We use FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT so that we get the same pending intent back when calling
return PendingIntent.getService(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
}
/**
* Builds and returns a GeofencingRequest. Specifies the list of geofences to be monitored.
* Also specifies how the geofence notifications are initially triggered.
*/
@NonNull
private GeofencingRequest getGeofencingRequest() {
GeofencingRequest.Builder builder = new GeofencingRequest.Builder();
// The INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER flag indicates that geofencing service should trigger a
// GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER notification when the geofence is added and if the device
// is already inside that geofence.
builder.setInitialTrigger(GeofencingRequest.INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER);
// Add the geofences to be monitored by geofencing service.
// Empty mGeofenceList leads to crash
builder.addGeofences(mGeofenceList);
return builder.build();
}
public void addGeofences() {
if (mGeofenceList.size() > 0) {
try {
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.addGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencingRequest(),
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
} catch (SecurityException securityException) {
Crashlytics.logException(securityException);
Log.e(TAG, "Missing permission ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION", securityException);
}
}
}
public void removeGeofences() {
if (mGeofenceList.size() > 0) {
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.removeGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this); // Result processed in onResult().
}
}
}
public static String getGeofenceErrorString(int errorCode) {
switch (errorCode) {
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_NOT_AVAILABLE:
return "Geofence service is not available now";
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_TOO_MANY_GEOFENCES:
return "Your app has registered too many geofences";
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_TOO_MANY_PENDING_INTENTS:
return "You have provided too many PendingIntents to the addGeofences() call";
default:
return "Unknown error: the Geofence service is not available now";
}
}
}
上述界面：
public interface OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener {
void onGoogleServicesConnected();
}
类GeofenceTransitionsIntentService：
/**
* Listener for geofence transition changes.
*
* Receives geofence transition events from Location Services in the form of an Intent containing
* the transition type and geofence id(s) that triggered the transition.
*/
public class GeofenceTransitionsIntentService extends IntentService {
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
public GeofenceTransitionsIntentService() {
super(TAG);
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
}
/**
* Handles incoming intents.
* @param intent sent by Location Services. This Intent is provided to Location
* Services (inside a PendingIntent) when addGeofences() is called.
*/
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
//Do stuff with the geofencing events
}
}
在清单中：
<service android:name=".GeofenceTransitionsIntentService"/>
最后，总结AddingGeofencesService：
public class AddingGeofencesService extends IntentService implements OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener {
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
LocationServicesManager locationServicesManager;
public AddingGeofencesService() {
super(TAG);
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
locationServicesManager = new LocationServicesManager(this, this);
locationServicesManager.GeofencesManager();
//Fetch your geofences from somewhere
List<YourGeofenceObject> yourGeofences = ...
for (YourGeofenceObject geo : yourGeofences) {
locationServicesManager.geofencesManager.addGeofenceToList(geo.getKey(),
geo.getExpirationDuration(), geo.getLocation(), geo.getRadius());
}
locationServicesManager.connect();
}
}
@Override
public void onGoogleServicesConnected() {
locationServicesManager.geofencesManager.addGeofences();
}
}
请注意，您应该在应用程序运行时添加地理围栏，方法与在AddingGeofencesService中添加地理围栏相同。