history.push无法在fetch回调中工作

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我正在处理简单的react js应用程序,我正在验证用户,如果他/她已成功登录,我正在尝试重定向到主页,但我处于一些奇怪的情况。请帮我完成以下代码。

下面是函数fetchAPI用一些输入参数调用服务器的代码

function fetchAPI(methodType, url, data, callback){

    fetch(url,{
        method: methodType,
        headers: {
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'Content-Type': 'application/json'
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)  
    })
    .then(response => response.json())
    .then(data => callback(data) )
    .catch(error => callback(data));  

}

现在我这样称呼它

fetchAPI("POST", Constants.LOGIN, data, function(callback) {
        if(callback.status == 200) {
            console.log(callback.message);
            this.props.history.push("/home");
        }else if( typeof callback.status != "undefined"){
            alertModal("Alert", callback.message);
        }
      });

这样做的问题是它不会在响应条件中重定向到/home但只打印成功消息。但是,当我直接使用fetch api时,如下面的代码,它将我重定向到/home

任何人都可以帮我解决为什么会发生这种情况?

fetch(Constants.LOGIN, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json"
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)
      })
        .then(response => response.json())
        .then(data => {
          if (data.status == 200) {
            this.props.history.push("/home");
          } else if (typeof data.status != "undefined") {
            alertModal("Alert", data.message);
          }
        })
        .catch(error => callback(data));
reactjs callback fetch fetch-api
1个回答
1
投票

好吧,忘了回调,我去过那里,没有更多的CALLBACK HELL

始终使用promises,您可以使用async / await简化所有内容:

async function fetchAPI(methodType, url, data){
    try {
        let result = await fetch(url, {
            method: methodType,
            headers: {
                'Accept': 'application/json',
                'Content-Type': 'application/json'
            },
            body: JSON.stringify(data)  
        }); // wait until request is done
        let responseOK = response && response.ok;
        if (responseOK) {
            let data = await response.json();
            // do something with data
            return data;
        } else {
            return response;
        }
    } catch (error) {
        // log your error, you can also return it to handle it in your calling function
    }
}

在你的React组件中:

async someFunction(){
    let result = await fetchAPI("POST", Constants.LOGIN, data); // wait for the fetch to complete
    if (!result.error){
        // get whatever you need from 'result'
        this.props.history.push("/home");
    } else {
        // show error from 'result.error'
    }
}

现在你的代码看起来更具可读性

fetch中的错误在result.error或result.statusText中,我很久以前停止使用fetch,切换到Axios。看看我对2 Here之间的一些差异的答案。

根据您的回应编辑

好的,根据您发布的代码:

import React from "react";
import Constants from "../Constants.jsx";
import { withRouter } from "react-router-dom";

class Login extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      errors: []
    };
  }

  showValidationErr(elm, msg) {
    this.setState(prevState => ({
      errors: [...prevState.errors, { elm, msg }]
    }));
  }

  clearValidationErr(elm) {
    this.setState(prevState => {
      let newArr = [];
      for (let err of prevState.errors) {
        if (elm != err.elm) {
          newArr.push(err);
        }
      }
      return { errors: newArr };
    });
  }

  onEmailChange(e) {
    this.setState({ email: e.target.value });
    this.clearValidationErr("email");
  }

  onPasswordChange(e) {
    this.setState({ password: e.target.value });
    this.clearValidationErr("password");
  }

  submitLogin(e) {
    e.preventDefault();

    const { email, password } = this.state;
    if (email == "") {
      this.showValidationErr("email", "Email field cannot be empty");
    }
    if (password == "") {
      this.showValidationErr("password", "Password field cannot be empty");
    }

    if (email != "" && password != "") {
      var data = {
        username: this.state.email,
        password: this.state.password
      };


        // I added function keyword between the below line
        async function someFunction(){
          let result = await fetchAPI("POST", Constants.LOGIN, data); // wait for the fetch to complete
          if (!result.error){
              this.props.history.push("/home");  // Here is the error
          } else {
              // show error from 'result.error'
          }
        }
        someFunction();
    }


  }

  render() {  ......................

####-----This is function definition------####

async function fetchAPI(methodType, url, data){
    try {
        let response = await fetch(url, {
            method: methodType,
            headers: {
                'Accept': 'application/json',
                'Content-Type': 'application/json'
            },
            body: JSON.stringify(data)  
        }); // wait until request is done
        let responseOK = response && response.ok;
        if (responseOK) {
            let data = await response.json();
            // do something with data
            return data;
        } else {
            return response;
        }
    } catch (error) {
        return error;
        // log your error, you can also return it to handle it in your calling function
    }
}

这是个想法,你应该让async成为调用API的函数。在您的示例中,您的函数submitLogin必须是异步的,因为它将调用内部的异步函数。只要你调用异步函数,调用者必须是异步的,或者相应地处理promise。这应该是这样的:

  async submitLogin(e) {
    e.preventDefault();

    const { email, password } = this.state;
    if (email == "") {
      this.showValidationErr("email", "Email field cannot be empty");
    }
    if (password == "") {
      this.showValidationErr("password", "Password field cannot be empty");
    }

    if (email != "" && password != "") {
      var data = {
        username: this.state.email,
        password: this.state.password
      };

      let result = await fetchAPI("POST", Constants.LOGIN, data); // wait for the fetch to complete
      if (!result.error) {
        this.props.history.push("/home");  // Here is the error
      } else {
        // show error from 'result.error'
      }
    }

如果函数在构造函数中正确绑定,则this不会有任何问题。看来你没有绑定构造函数中的submitLogin函数,这会给你this的上下文带来问题。这是它应该如何绑定:

constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      errors: []
    };

    // bind all functions used in render
    this.submitLogin = this.submitLogin.bind(this);
  }

看看this article,了解this背景下的问题。

现在,基于您提供的代码,在我看来您处于未知领域。如果你认为你发现路由很难或async / await不清楚,我建议你不要使用它们,并首先掌握React基础知识(你遇到的语法问题就是一个例子,你不应该有把那个功能放在那里,也与this绑定问题)。

例如,请阅读this post,了解一般情况,并建议您在使用异步,提取或路由之前尝试其他更简单的示例。当您清除React生命周期后,您可以从那里继续,并使用异步功能,然后使用路由器。

我还建议您按照Official docs中的示例进行操作,并查看at this post以更好地理解async / await。

这些建议当然是为了让你掌握React的基本原理,并且将来基本没有任何问题! :)

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