我正在创建一个应用程序来替换浏览器中的当前选项卡管理器。我在组之间创建了一个简单的一对多关系 - 表格主题和标签 - 表格标签。我希望能够自动删除主题的子项,如果我删除它。这就是我目前拥有的:
from flask import request, redirect, url_for, render_template, Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from sqlalchemy import exc
from flask_whooshee import Whooshee
from datetime import datetime
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///database.db'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
whooshee = Whooshee(app)
@whooshee.register_model('topic_name')
class Topic(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'topic'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
topic_name = db.Column(db.String, unique=True, nullable=False)
topic_created = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
topic_changed = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
topic_tabs = db.relationship('Tab', backref='topic', cascade='all, delete-orphan', lazy='dynamic')
@whooshee.register_model('tab_name', 'tab_link', 'tab_description')
class Tab(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'tab'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
tab_name = db.Column(db.String, nullable=False)
tab_link = db.Column(db.String, unique=True, nullable=False)
tab_favicon = db.Column(db.String)
tab_description = db.Column(db.String)
tab_created = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
tab_changed = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
topic_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('topic.id'))
@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def index():
return "Test"
if __name__ == '__main__':
db.create_all()
try:
db.session.commit()
except exc.IntegrityError as e:
print(str(e))
db.session.rollback()
top = Topic(topic_name='Test')
db.session.add(top)
try:
db.session.commit()
except exc.IntegrityError as e:
print(str(e))
db.session.rollback()
top2 = Topic(topic_name='Test2')
db.session.add(top2)
try:
db.session.commit()
except exc.IntegrityError as e:
print(str(e))
db.session.rollback()
t1 = Tab(tab_name='t1', tab_link='t1l', tab_favicon='t1f', tab_description='t1d', topic_id=top.id)
t2 = Tab(tab_name='t2', tab_link='t2l', tab_favicon='t2f', tab_description='t2d', topic_id=top.id)
t3 = Tab(tab_name='t3', tab_link='t3l', tab_favicon='t3f', tab_description='t3d', topic_id=top.id)
db.session.add(t1)
db.session.add(t2)
db.session.add(t3)
try:
db.session.commit()
except exc.IntegrityError as e:
print(str(e))
db.session.rollback()
import uuid
app.secret_key = str(uuid.uuid4())
app.run(debug=True)
问题是,当我尝试在数据库中添加内容时,我会收到完整性错误,而我不确定会出现什么问题。如果我停止服务器,我也想保存数据库中的先前记录,我该如何实现呢?
UPD:即使我完全删除了我的数据库,也会发生以下行为。只需在空文件夹中运行脚本python script_name.py
,就会出现此错误。
UPD2:如果有人需要检查数据库是否存在,那么有一个特殊的辅助函数https://sqlalchemy-utils.readthedocs.io/en/latest/database_helpers.html#database-exists
(sqlite3.IntegrityError)UNIQUE约束失败:topic.topic_name [SQL:'INSERT INTO主题(topic_name,topic_created,topic_changed)VALUES(?,?,?)'] [参数:('Test','2018-09-03 05:21:08.728564','2018-09-03 05:21:08.728564')](关于此错误的背景:http://sqlalche.me/e/gkpj)
(sqlite3.IntegrityError)UNIQUE约束失败:topic.topic_name [SQL:'INSERT INTO主题(topic_name,topic_created,topic_changed)VALUES(?,?,?)'] [参数:('Test2','2018-09-03 05:21:08.730562','2018-09-03 05:21:08.730562')](关于此错误的背景:http://sqlalche.me/e/gkpj)
(sqlite3.IntegrityError)UNIQUE约束失败:tab.tab_link [SQL:'INSERT INTO选项卡(tab_name,tab_link,tab_favicon,tab_description,tab_created,tab_changed,topic_id)VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?) '] [参数:('t1','t1l','t1f','t1d','2018-09-03 05:21:08.733561','2018-09-03 05:21:08.733561',无) ](关于此错误的背景:http://sqlalche.me/e/gkpj)
您的脚本是WSGI应用程序,因此以__main__
运行。如果你使用debug=True
作为app.run()
的参数,服务器将启动,设置调试模式:on并重新启动with stat
,再次执行__name__ == '__main__'
块(每次更改脚本并在服务器运行时保存它)。
当您在空/删除的数据库上启动应用程序时,第一次执行__name__ == '__main__'
块时,它会创建数据库并插入您在该块中创建的两个Topic
和三个Tab
对象。然后它设置调试模式并重新启动,再次执行该块,尝试再次插入这五个对象。
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
return "Hello, World!"
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(__name__)
app.run(debug=True)
输出:
__main__ # <-- fist time around it creates DB and objects
* Serving Flask app "main" (lazy loading)
* Environment: production
WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment.
Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Debug mode: on
* Restarting with stat # <-- re-executing your script
__main__ # <-- trying to create the same objects again, violating the UNIQUE constraint
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 302-544-855
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)