Postgres批插入到2个表中,其中Table2需要表1中的ID:带有“;”的多插入不允许

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我需要将数据批量插入2个表中,并且Table2具有来自Table1的FK ID,因此我需要获取刚刚插入到Table1中每个Table2行的ID。

表1 =USERS_TTable2 = STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T具有FK:USER_ID = USERS_T.ID

我正在使用jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate()从Java应用程序执行此操作。

问题

假设我正在使用Postgres的currval('users_t_id_seq')来获取Table1使用的序列值。

插入到2个表中的一种方法是顺序的,但这将不起作用,因为currval仅具有最新行的ID,因此所有Table2插入都将被弄乱。

// Part 1: Insert into USERS_T
batchInsertUsers(jdbcTemplate, batchInsertUsers);
// Part 2: Insert into STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T
batchInsertStudyParticipants(jdbcTemplate, batchInsertUsers);

private void batchInsertUsers(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, final List<UsersT> batchInsertUsers) {
    String sql = "INSERT INTO USERS_T (ID, .., ..) " + 
                 "VALUES (nextval('users_t_id_seq'), .., ..";
    jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
       //...
    });
}

private void batchInsertStudyParticipants(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, final List<UsersT> batchInsertUsers) {
    String sql = "INSERT INTO STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T (ID, USER_ID, ..) " + 
                 "VALUES (nextval('study_participants_t_id_seq'), 
                          currval('users_t_id_seq'), .., ..";
    jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
       //...
    });
}

捕获”最新ID的另一种方法是对两个表进行多行插入,如下所示-这样我就可以捕获最新的USERS_T序列值。

但是这会出现以下错误:

PSQLException: Too many update results were returned.

[当我使用;分隔我的1行插入内容时发生此错误,并记录在这里https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/[email protected]

private void batchInsertAll(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, final List<UsersT> batchInsertUsers) {
    String sql = "INSERT INTO USERS_T (ID, .. ) " + 
                 "VALUES (nextval('users_t_id_seq'), ..) " + 
                 ";" +   // Note semicolon separating my multiline SQL
                 "INSERT INTO STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T (ID, USER_ID, ..) " + 
                 "VALUES (nextval('study_participants_t_id_seq'), 
                          currval('users_t_id_seq'), .., ..";
    jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
       //...
    });
}

因此,在此Postgres Batch-Insert过程中,我找不到一种方法来进行两张表插入并捕获适当的Table1 ID。

postgresql java jdbc
1个回答
0
投票

这是答案。

1]如果使用jdbcTemplate(Spring JDBC),一种解决方案是预先保留自己的ID范围。然后自己为每行提供手动计算的ID。例如:

@Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void doMultiTableInsert(List<String> entries) throws Exception {


    // 1. Obtain current Sequence values
    Integer currTable1SeqVal = table1DAO.getCurrentTable1SeqVal();
    Integer currTable2SeqVal = table2DAO.getCurrentTable2SeqVal();     
    // 2. Immediately update the Sequences to the calculated final value (this reserves the ID range immediately)
    table1DAO.setTable1SeqVal(currTable1SeqVal + entries.size());          
    table2DAO.setTable2SeqVal(currTable2SeqVal + entries.size());           

    for(int i = 0; i < entries.size(); i++) {
         // Prepare Domain object...
         UsersT user = new User();
         user.setID(currTable1SeqVal + 1 + i); // Set ID manually
         user.setCreatedDate(new Date());
         // etc.
         StudyParticipantsT sp = new StudyParticipantsT();
         sp.setID(currTable2SeqVal + 1 + i); // Set ID manually
         // etc.
         user.setStudyParticipant(sp);

         // Add to Batch-Insert List
         batchInsertUsers.add(user);

         // If list size ready for Batch-Insert (in this ex. 1000), or if at the end of all subjectIds, perform Batch Insert (both tables) and clear list
         if (batchInsertUsers.size() == 1000 || i == subjectIds.size() - 1) {
            // Part 1: Insert batch into USERS_T
            nativeBatchInsertUsers(jdbcTemplate, batchInsertUsers);             
            // Part 2: Insert batch into STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T
            nativeBatchInsertStudyParticipants(jdbcTemplate, batchInsertUsers);                 
            // Reset list
            batchInsertUsers.clear();
         }
    }

}

然后再使用上面引用的Batch-Insert子方法:

1)

  private void nativeBatchInsertUsers(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, final List<UsersT> batchInsertUsers) {
       String sqlInsert =   "INSERT INTO PUBLIC.USERS_T (id, password,  ... )"; // etc.
       jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sqlInsert, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {

           @Override
           public int getBatchSize() {
             return batchInsertUsers.size();
           } 

           @Override
           public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
              ps.setInt(1, batchInsertUsers.get(i).getId()); // ID (provided by ourselves)
              ps.setDate(2, batchInsertUsers.get(i).getCreatedDate());
              //etc.
           }            
       });
    }

2)

private void nativeBatchInsertStudyParticipants(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, final List<UsersT> batchInsertUsers) {
   String sqlInsert =   "INSERT INTO PUBLIC.STUDY_PARTICIPANTS_T (id, ... )"; // etc.
   jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sqlInsert, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {

       @Override
       public int getBatchSize() {
         return batchInsertUsers.size();
       } 

       @Override
       public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
          ps.setInt(1, batchInsertUsers.get(i).getStudyParticipants().getId()); // ID (provided by ourselves)
          //etc.
       }            
   });
}

[有一些方法可以获取/设置序列值,例如在Postgres中是

SELECT last_value FROM users_t_id_seq;   -- GET SEQ VAL
SELECT setval('users_t_id_seq', 621938); -- SET SEQ VAL

也请注意,所有内容都在@Transactional下。如果该方法中有任何异常,则所有数据都将回滚(对于所有异常,rollbackFor = Exception.class)。唯一不会回滚的是手动序列更新。但这没关系,序列可以有间隔。

2)如果您愿意降低到PreparedStatement级别,则另一个解决方案是Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS:

PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS)

执行ps后,结果集将按照创建顺序包含您的ID。您可以遍历ResultSet并将ID存储在单独的列表中。

while (rs.next()) {
   generatedIDs.add(rs.getInt(1));
}

[请记住,在这种情况下,您要负责自己的事务管理。您需要conn.setAutoCommit(false);以使批处理堆积而没有真正的持久性,然后单击conn.commit(); / conn.rollback();

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