使用scrapy发布请求/表单提交会导致错误404

Question

我正在学习如何使用scrapy构建蜘蛛来抓取这个网页：https://www.beesmart.city。要访问，有必要在此处提交表单：https://www.beesmart.city/login

检查页面，我没有找到CSRF令牌，所以我想在这种情况下不需要它。

我使用了以下代码：

import scrapy

class BeesmartLogin(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'beesmart_login'
    login_url = 'https://www.beesmart.city/login'
    start_urls = [login_url]

    def parse(self, response):
        # extract the csrf token value
        # create a python dictionary with the form values
        data = {
            'email': '<...@...>',
            'password': '********',
        }
        # submit a POST request to it
        yield scrapy.FormRequest(url=self.login_url, formdata=data, callback=self.parse_quotes)

    def parse_quotes(self, response):
        print("Parsing is done")

当我运行它时，我得到了404。有谁知道为什么？我非常感谢任何帮助。托比:)

完整的回应是：

(base) C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Documents\Python Scripts\Webscraping>scrapy runspider beesmart_login.py
2019-04-05 15:21:10 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.2 started (bot: scrapybot)
2019-04-05 15:21:10 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.2.1.0, libxml2 2.9.8, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.1, w3lib 1.20.0, Twisted 18.9.0, Python 3.6.5 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Mar 29 2018, 13:32:41) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 18.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1b  26 Feb 2019), cryptography 2.6.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0.17134-SP0
2019-04-05 15:21:10 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'SPIDER_LOADER_WARN_ONLY': True}
2019-04-05 15:21:10 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: ef43803864a4422d
2019-04-05 15:21:10 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.beesmart.city/login> (referer: None)
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <POST https://www.beesmart.city/login> (referer: https://www.beesmart.city/login)
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror] INFO: Ignoring response <404 https://www.beesmart.city/login>: HTTP status code is not handled or not allowed
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 657,
 'downloader/request_count': 2,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
 'downloader/request_method_count/POST': 1,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 10500,
 'downloader/response_count': 2,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/404': 1,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 5, 13, 21, 11, 770670),
 'httperror/response_ignored_count': 1,
 'httperror/response_ignored_status_count/404': 1,
 'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
 'log_count/INFO': 9,
 'request_depth_max': 1,
 'response_received_count': 2,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 2,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 2,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 5, 13, 21, 11, 50573)}
2019-04-05 15:21:11 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

Answer 1

如果您正在寻求理解CSRF代币 - 它们已在qazxsw poi上得到解释

正如furas解释的那样，使用纯scrapy来登录javascript是不可能的。

我建议您阅读以下有关following SO question的文章