通过 widget.destroy() 使用内存

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

首先，对我的英语沟通能力感到抱歉，我正在学习。我对 Tkinter 中的 widget.destroy() 有一个小问题。我读到，如果你想销毁一个小部件，destroy =从内存中删除，因为你不会重用，你应该使用这个函数。但是我正在使用它们并且它们没有从内存中删除，我在创建新闻小部件并与下一个数字一起出现时看到了它。

我的代码仅创建 10 个不同的按钮，正如您在屏幕截图中看到的那样，我有 20 个按钮。这是因为我两次单击按钮。我的问题不是如何删除/隐藏和创建/显示它，我的问题是使用内存并使其优化。我想了解其背后的逻辑。

这是我的代码，它并不完美，但这是一个小测试，有一些截图：

import tkinter as tk
from utils.geometrIrregular import FigurasGeometricas_irregulares

minpady = 10
minpadx = 10

class Root(tk.Tk):
    def __init__( self):
        super().__init__()
        # Menu Buttons
        tk.Button( self, text = "Geometria",
                        command = lambda: self.center_geometry(),
                        width = 10, height = 5, name = 'geometria'
                        ).place( relx = .01, rely = .2)
        tk.Button( self, text = "Calculadora",
                             command = lambda: self.center_calculate(),
                             width = 10, height = 5, name = 'calculadora'
                             ).place( relx = .01, rely = .4)      
        
    def center_geometry( self) -> None:
        self.clean_frame()
        tk.Label( self, text = "Inserta las coordenadas: "
                               ).place( relx = .12, rely = .1)
        
        tk.Entry( self,
                 ).place( relx = .23, rely = .1)
        """ bind options:
            FocusIn, FocusOut, <Button-1>, <KeyPress>... -> some options
        """        
        tk.Button( self, text = "Crear polinomio"
                  ).place( relx = .2, rely = .15)        
             
    def center_calculate( self) -> None:
        """ we are going to create the tk.widgets in the central part
        """
        self.clean_frame()
        self.memory_lst = []
        self.calculate_history = tk.StringVar()
        self.value = tk.StringVar()
        self.result = tk.StringVar()
        self.memory = tk.StringVar()
        
        tk.Label( self,
                 text = 'Last operation:'
                 ).place( relx = .2, rely = .1)
        tk.Entry( self,
                background = 'light grey',
                textvariable = self.calculate_history
                ).place( relx = .25, rely = .1)
        
        tk.Label( self,
                 text = 'Result:'
                ).place( relx = .2, rely = .15)
        tk.Label( self,
                 background = 'snow',
                 textvariable = self.result
                ).place( relx = .25, rely = .15)
        
        tk.Label( self,
                 text = 'Operation:'
                ).place( relx = .20, rely = .2)
        tk.Entry( self,
                 background = 'white',
                 textvariable = self.value
                ).place( relx = .25, rely = .2)
        
        # First buttons row
        tk.Button( self, text = " + "
                  ).place( relx = .25, rely = .25)
        tk.Button( self, text = " - "
                  ).place( relx = .27, rely = .25)
        tk.Button( self, text = " / "
                  ).place( relx = .29, rely = .25)
        tk.Button( self, text = " * "
                  ).place( relx = .31, rely = .25)
        
        # Second buttons row
        tk.Button( self, text = 'M+'
                            ).place( relx = .25, rely = .28)
        tk.Button( self, text = 'M'
                            ).place( relx = .27, rely = .28)
        tk.Button( self, text = 'M-'
                            ).place( relx = .29, rely = .28)
        tk.Button( self, text = ' ^ '
                            ).place( relx = .31, rely = .28)
        
        # Thrid buttons row
        tk.Button( self, text = ' √ '
                            ).place( relx = .25, rely = .31)
        # Memory Lst_Box
        self.memory_lstbox = tk.Listbox( self, background = 'white', listvariable = self.memory,
                              width = 50, height = 50, selectmode = tk.SINGLE
                              ).place( relx = .6, rely = .1)
    # CLEAN BLOCK
    def clean_frame( self):
        for widget in self.winfo_children():
            print( widget.winfo_id)
            if not ('geometria' in str(widget) or 'calculadora' in str(widget)):
                widget.destroy()
                
            
if __name__ == "__main__":
    App = Root()
    App.mainloop()

<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label3>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label4>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button3>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button4>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button5>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button6>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button7>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button8>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button9>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Listbox object .!listbox>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label5>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry3>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button10>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label6>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry4>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label7>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label8>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label9>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry5>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button11>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button12>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button13>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button14>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button15>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button16>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button17>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button18>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button19>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Listbox object .!listbox2>>
python tkinter optimization memory-management
1个回答
0
投票

您的代码仅打印 

clean_frame
函数中的内容。每次调用该函数时，它都会打印 
root
的内容。

您的输出看起来像这样，不是因为 

.destroy()
没有删除小部件，而是因为该函数在输出末尾打印（最后一个函数完成打印的位置），从而产生了一个非常长的列表。

我只打印了根目录中小部件的数量（在 

clean_frame
函数的开头），因此输出将更具可读性，因此您可以在应用程序中跟踪小部件。

您在输出中收到了这么多小部件，因为您根本没有格式化输出，因此输出来自您所做的所有点击。

修改后的功能：

    def clean_frame( self):
        print(len(self.winfo_children()))
        for widget in self.winfo_children():
            print( widget.winfo_id)
            if not ('geometria' in str(widget) or 'calculadora' in str(widget)):
                widget.destroy()

这就是我的输出：

2
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
18
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label3>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label4>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button2>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button3>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button4>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button5>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button6>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button7>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button8>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button9>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Listbox object .!listbox>>
5
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .geometria>>  
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .calculadora>>
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Label object .!label5>>     
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Entry object .!entry3>>     
<bound method Misc.winfo_id of <tkinter.Button object .!button10>>  
18
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