如何打印字典的键值对作为对齐的表?

问题描述 投票:0回答:3
Student_Name = {"Mathematics": 90, 
                "Computer Science": 100, 
                "Chemistry": 90, 
                "Physics": 97, 
                "English": 95}
for key,value in Student_Name.items():
    print(key,value)

我想打印,如:

Mathematics        90
Computer Science   100
Chemistry          90 

等等,但它是印刷像这样

Mathematics 90
Computer Science 100
Chemistry 90
Physics 97
English 95

我想打印商标和主题的合适的线路。

python dictionary output
3个回答
2
投票

你有多种选择:

以你原来的代码,你可以简单地标签的下一个项目一起:

for key, value in Student_Name.items():
    print(key,'\t',value)

虽然,因为它是一个标签,除非所有的按键都是相似的长度也不会看你预期这不会是完美的。

输出:

Mathematics      90
Computer Science         100
Chemistry        90
Physics          97
English          95

一个更好的解决办法是:

for key, value in Student_Name.items():
    print(f'{key:20}{value}')

输出:

Mathematics         90
Computer Science    100
Chemistry           90
Physics             97
English             95

Python的3.6要求

我给你的唯一的问题是为什么,你要做到这一点,那将是更好的打印一些文件,并使用分隔符,并担心以后呈现。无论哪种方式,你应该能够与上面做

同样适合将在这里是第1个答案

for key,value in Student_Name.items():
...     print("{0:20}{1:5d}".format(key,value))

这出把与F”,但是,两者都有问题,如果主题key比别人更长的出现将需要修改。更改键{key:20}{0:20}更大数量将有所帮助,但也许你可以指望检查使用填充最长为这里的值加5的钥匙的长度。

例如,你可以这样做(在用于说明目的额外添加的关键:

 Student_Name = {"Mathematics": 90, "Computer Science": 100, "Chemistry": 90, "Physics": 97, "English": 95, "REALLY LONG SUBJECT ABOUT POLITICS": 10}
 # Get the longest subject name
 length = max(len(x) for x in Student_Name)
 # decide on padding
 padding = 5

 #use these two value to working out the exact space required
 space = length + padding

 #format and print the statement
 for key, value in Student_Name.items():
 ...     subject = "{0:{space}}".format(key, space=space)
 ...     result = "{0:5d}".format(value)
 ...     print(subject + result)

输出:

Mathematics                           90
Computer Science                     100
Chemistry                             90
Physics                               97
English                               95
REALLY LONG SUBJECT ABOUT POLITICS    10

总是使结果正确的距离最长的主题名称。


1
投票

尝试这个:

>>> for key,value in Student_Name.items():
...     print("{0:20}{1:5d}".format(key,value))

从蟒蛇3.6开始,你也可以用这个。 (乔恩克莱门特提供)

for key,value in Student_Name.items():
    print(f'{key:20}{value}')

有关其他参考资料,请访问this link.


-1
投票

为了避免第一列的宽度的硬编码在其他的答案,可以预先计算出最大密钥长度。

简单的例子:

grades = {"Mathematics": 90, 
          "Computer Science": 100, 
          "Chemistry": 90, 
          "Physics": 97, 
          "English": 95}
max_key_len = max(map(len, grades.keys()))
format_string = '{{key:{}}}  {{value}}'.format(max_key_len)
for key, value in grades.items():
    print(format_string.format(key=key, value=value))

将打印:

Mathematics       90
Computer Science  100
Chemistry         90
Physics           97
English           95

我们可以通过一个函数进行包装,并增加了分离参数进一步提高了代码:

from typing import Dict, Iterator


def to_aligned_records(dict_: Dict,
                       *,
                       sep: str = ' ') -> Iterator[str]:
    """Yields key-value pairs as strings that will be aligned when printed"""
    max_key_len = max(map(len, dict_.keys()))
    format_string = '{{key:{max_len}}}{sep}{{value}}'.format(max_len=max_key_len, sep=sep)
    for key, value in dict_.items():
        yield format_string.format(key=key, value=value)

并使用它像这样:

>>> print(*to_aligned_records(grades), sep='\n')
Mathematics      90
Computer Science 100
Chemistry        90
Physics          97
English          95

>>> print(*to_aligned_records(grades, sep=' '*4), sep='\n')
Mathematics         90
Computer Science    100
Chemistry           90
Physics             97
English             95

>>> print(*to_aligned_records(grades, sep='\t'), sep='\n')
Mathematics         90
Computer Science    100
Chemistry           90
Physics             97
English             95
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