swig c++ 到 python（使用 numpy）：错误：使用未声明的标识符“import_array”

Question

操作系统：macOS Sierra 10.12.4

python 发行版：Anaconda python 3.6

我正在学习如何使用 distutils 将 numpy 数组传递给 c++。

运行时出现错误：

$ python setup.py build_ext

错误：

sample_wrap.cpp:4571:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'import_array'
  import_array();
  ^
1 error generated.

文件：

sample.i

/* file: sample.i */
%module sample
%{
/* include C++ header files necessary to compile the interface */
#include "src/sample.h"
%}

%include "typemaps.i"
%include "src/numpy.i"
%init %{
import_array();
%}

%apply (int DIM1, double* IN_ARRAY1) {(int n, double *a), (int m, double *b)};
%apply (int DIM1, double* ARGOUT_ARRAY1) {(int size, double *arr)};

%include "src/sample.h"

文件：

setup.py

# ----- file: setup.py -----

from distutils.core import setup, Extension
import numpy
import os

name = "sample"    # name of the module
version = "1.0"        # the module's version number

os.environ['CC'] = 'g++';
os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++';

setup(name=name, version=version,
    ext_modules=[Extension(name='_sample',
                           sources=["sample.i", "src/sample.cpp"],
                           include_dirs=['src',numpy.get_include()],
                           swig_opts=["-c++"]
                           )]
    )

文件：

src/sample.cpp

/* ----- file: src/sample.cpp ----- */

#include <cmath>
#include "sample.h"

double dot(int n, double *a, int m, double *b){
    double sum = 0.0;
    for (int i=0; i<n; ++i){
      sum += a[i]*b[i];
    }
    return sum;
}

void arange(int size, double *arr){
    for (int i=0; i<size; ++i)
    arr[i] = i;
}

文件：

src/sample.h

/* ----- file: src/sample.h ----- */

#ifndef SAMPLE_H_
#define SAMPLE_H_

double dot(int n, double *a, int m, double *b);
void arange(int size, double *arr);

#endif // SAMPLE_H_

我尝试将

os.environ['CC'] = 'g++'

中的

os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++'

和

os.environ['CC'] = 'g++-6'

更改为

os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++-6'

和

setup.py

，以便用GUN g++编译而不是clang，但仍然得到类似的错误：

sample_wrap.cpp: In function 'PyObject* PyInit__sample()':
sample_wrap.cpp:4571:16: error: 'import_array' was not declared in this scope
   import_array();
                ^

Answer 1

我会尝试根据此

文档

添加#define SWIG_FILE_WITH_INIT

/* file: sample.i */
%module sample
%{
#define SWIG_FILE_WITH_INIT
#include "src/sample.h"
%}

Answer 2

我能够通过将 numpy.get_include() 添加到 swig_opts 以及 include_dirs 中来解决类似的问题

setup(name=name, version=version,
ext_modules=[Extension(name='_sample',
                       sources=["sample.i", "src/sample.cpp"],
                       include_dirs=['src',numpy.get_include()],
                       swig_opts=[numpy.get_include(), "-c++"],
                       )]
)