我是使用OpenACC进行GPU编程的初学者。我正在尝试进行直接卷积。卷积由6个嵌套循环组成。我只希望将第一个循环并行化。我为第一个循环提供了pragma #pragma acc循环,为其余循环提供了#pragma acc循环seq。但是我得到的输出不正确。我采用的使循环并行化的方法正确吗?卷积的规格:输入通道3,输入尺寸-224X224X3,输出通道-64,输出尺寸-111X111X64,滤波器尺寸-3X3X3X64。以下是指向头文件dog.h和squeezenet_params.h的链接。 https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1a9XRjBTrEFIorrLTPFHS4atBOPrG886i
# include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "squeezenet_params.h"
#include "dog.h"
void conv3x3(
const int input_channels, const int input_size,
const int pad, const int stride, const int start_channel,
const int output_size, const float* restrict input_im, const float* restrict filter_weight,
const float* restrict filter_bias, float* restrict output_im){
#pragma acc data copyin (input_im[0:150527],filter_weight[0:1727],filter_bias[0:63]) copyout(output_im[0:788543])
{
#pragma acc parallel
{
#pragma acc loop
for(int p=0;p<64;++p){
filter_weight += p * input_channels * 9;
float bias = filter_bias[p];
output_im += (start_channel + p) * output_size * output_size;
//loop over output feature map
#pragma acc loop seq
for(int i = 0; i < output_size; i++)
{
#pragma acc loop seq
for(int j = 0; j < output_size; j++)
{
//compute one element in the output feature map
float tmp = bias;
//compute dot product of 2 input_channels x 3 x 3 matrix
#pragma acc loop seq
for(int k = 0; k < input_channels; k++)
{
#pragma acc loop seq
for(int l = 0; l < 3; l++)
{
int h = i * stride + l - pad;
#pragma acc loop seq
for(int m = 0; m < 3; m++)
{
int w = j * stride + m - pad;
if((h >= 0) && (h < input_size) && (w >= 0) && (w < input_size))
{
tmp += input_im[k * input_size * input_size + (i * stride + l - pad) * input_size + j * stride + m - pad] \
* filter_weight[9 * k + 3 * l + m];
}
}
}
}
//add relu activation after conv
output_im[i * output_size + j] = (tmp > 0.0) ? tmp : 0.0;
}
}
}
}
}
}
void main(){
float * result = (float*)malloc(sizeof(float) * (1 * 64 * 111 * 111));
conv3x3(3,224,0,2,0,111,sample,conv1_weight,conv1_bias,result);
for(int i=0;i<64 * 111 * 111;++i){
//if(result[i]>0)
printf("%f:%d\n",result[i],i);
}
}
贡献者在我回答过的PGI用户论坛上发布了相同的问题。 (请参阅:https://www.pgroup.com/userforum/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=7614)。主题问题是不正确的,因为内部循环未并行化,也不是问题的原因。
这里的问题是代码在共享的“ output_im”指针上具有竞争条件。我建议的解决方案是将每个线程的偏移量计算到数组中,而不是尝试操纵指针本身。
for(int p=0;p<64;++p){
filter_weight += p * input_channels * 9;
float bias = filter_bias[p];
int offset;
offset = (start_channel + p) * output_size * output_size;
//loop over output feature map
#pragma acc loop vector collapse(2)
for(int i = 0; i < output_size; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < output_size; j++)
{
... cut ...
}
}
//add relu activation after conv
int idx = offset + (i * output_size + j);
output_im[idx] = (tmp > 0.0) ? tmp : 0.0;
}
}