“detail”：“未提供身份验证凭据。”使用 adfs 身份验证后端的 Django REST 框架

Question

我正在开发一个 django 项目，该项目使用 django_auth_adfs （Azure Active Directory）作为其身份验证后端。我已经使用rest_framework设置了它的API服务。在rest_framework的可浏览视图中，我能够使用会话身份验证进行授权，这需要我的settings.py具有这样的东西：

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'django_auth_adfs.rest_framework.AdfsAccessTokenAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    ),
}

这样，我就可以发送需要用户授权的发布请求。但一旦我将其更改为（删除会话身份验证）：

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'django_auth_adfs.rest_framework.AdfsAccessTokenAuthentication',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    ),
}

我收到 http 401 未经授权的错误，这意味着它无法使用令牌进行授权。这进一步导致我无法通过邮递员发送请求。有谁知道如何使用 adfs 令牌来使用 API？

这是我的settings.py 的整体外观：

"""
Django settings for core project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 5.0.4.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv('SECRET_KEY')

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['my_domain']

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = [
    'django_auth_adfs.backend.AdfsAuthCodeBackend',
]

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",

    # Installed apps
    'django_auth_adfs',
    'bench',
    'api',
    'rest_framework',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",

    # Other Middlewares
    'django_auth_adfs.middleware.LoginRequiredMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = "core.urls"

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
        'DIRS': [
            BASE_DIR / 'static/templates',
        ],
        "APP_DIRS": True,
        "OPTIONS": {
            "context_processors": [
                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
                "django.template.context_processors.request",
                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = "core.wsgi.application"


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"

TIME_ZONE = "GB"

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / 'media'

STATIC_ROOT = '/usr/share/nginx/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    BASE_DIR / 'static',
]

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"

LOGIN_URL = 'django_auth_adfs:login'
LOGOUT_URL = 'django_auth_adfs:logout'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'https://my_domain/oauth2/callback'


# Client secret is not public information. Should store it as an environment variable.

client_id = os.getenv('client_id')
client_secret = os.getenv('client_secret')
tenant_id = os.getenv('tenant_id')
email_host_user = os.getenv('EMAIL_HOST_USER')
email_host_password = os.getenv('EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD')


AUTH_ADFS = {
    'AUDIENCE': client_id,
    'CLIENT_ID': client_id,
    'CLIENT_SECRET': client_secret,
    'CLAIM_MAPPING': {'first_name': 'given_name',
                      'last_name': 'family_name',
                      'email': 'upn'
                      },
    'GROUPS_CLAIM': 'roles',
    'MIRROR_GROUPS': True,
    'USERNAME_CLAIM': 'email',
    'TENANT_ID': tenant_id,
    'RELYING_PARTY_ID': client_id,
}


EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'localhost'
EMAIL_PORT = 25
EMAIL_USE_TLS = False
EMAIL_USE_SSL = False
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = email_host_user

SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
SECURE_SSL_REDIRECT = True

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'django_auth_adfs.rest_framework.AdfsAccessTokenAuthentication',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    ),
}

这就是我得到的：

另外，是否是因为Nginx设置没有将标头作为反向代理传递？

我期望 django rest_framework 能够处理标记化本身，但似乎有一些配置错误。我尝试停用 api url 上的授权，并且能够发送 get 请求并收到正确的响应。但我无法发送帖子请求，这也不是我想要的。我只希望我的 azure 应用程序（已配置 django_auth_adfs）中的人员发送请求。

Answer 1

问题出在

AUDIENCE

中的

AUTH_ADFS

配置中的

settings.py

。
它应该看起来像这样：

AUTH_ADFS = {
    'AUDIENCE': f'api://{client_id}',
    'CLIENT_ID': client_id,
    'CLIENT_SECRET': client_secret,
    'CLAIM_MAPPING': {'first_name': 'given_name',
                      'last_name': 'family_name',
                      'email': 'upn'
                      },
    'GROUPS_CLAIM': 'roles',
    'MIRROR_GROUPS': True,
    'USERNAME_CLAIM': 'email',
    'TENANT_ID': tenant_id,
    'RELYING_PARTY_ID': client_id,
    'LOGIN_EXEMPT_URLS': [
        '^api',  # Assuming you API is available at /api
    ],
}

意味着我错过了

api://

 之前的 

client_id