在数组中执行按位左移操作时越过整数限制

问题描述 投票:1回答:1

我正在使用按位左移运算符创建一个numpy数组。

例如,我创建数组p,其中数组的形状与矩阵a的形状相同,即(23,):

>>> import numpy
>>> a = numpy.array([0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1])

>>> p = 1 << arange(a.shape[-1] - 1) #left shift 

结果如预期:

>>> p
array([      1,       2,       4,       8,      16,      32,      64,
       128,     256,     512,    1024,    2048,    4096,    8192,
     16384,   32768,   65536,  131072,  262144,  524288, 1048576,
   2097152])

但是,如果我们增加数组的大小,让我们说(70,):

>>> a = numpy.array([0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0])
>>> p = 1 << arange(a.shape[-1] - 1, -1, -1) #left shift 
>>> p
array([                   1,                    2,                    4,
                      8,                   16,                   32,
                     64,                  128,                  256,
                    512,                 1024,                 2048,
                   4096,                 8192,                16384,
                  32768,                65536,               131072,
                 262144,               524288,              1048576,
                2097152,              4194304,              8388608,
               16777216,             33554432,             67108864,
              134217728,            268435456,            536870912,
             1073741824,           2147483648,           4294967296,
             8589934592,          17179869184,          34359738368,
            68719476736,         137438953472,         274877906944,
           549755813888,        1099511627776,        2199023255552,
          4398046511104,        8796093022208,       17592186044416,
         35184372088832,       70368744177664,      140737488355328,
        281474976710656,      562949953421312,     1125899906842624,
       2251799813685248,     4503599627370496,     9007199254740992,
      18014398509481984,    36028797018963968,    72057594037927936,
     144115188075855872,   288230376151711744,   576460752303423488,
    1152921504606846976,  2305843009213693952,  4611686018427387904,
   -9223372036854775808,                    0,                    0,
                      0,                    0,                   16])

在顶部你可以看到,当它从1,2,4,8增加时,.....变为负数,然后是0,最后是16。

如果我单独进行,则不是这种情况:

>>> 1<<70
1180591620717411303424

那么,我该怎么做才能使我的数组元素的值与1<<x相对应,其中x是一个高数字(大于70)?

python arrays numpy bit-manipulation
1个回答
3
投票

Python int和numpy int不一样...... Python支持任意长度,而numpy由类型修复:

numpy.array([1]) << 70
>>> array([64], dtype=int32)

一种解决方案是使用对象dtype:

numpy.array([1], dtype=numpy.object) << 70
>>> array([1180591620717411303424], dtype=object)

以下内容将按预期工作:

a = numpy.array([1], dtype=numpy.object) << numpy.arange(70)

查看最后一个元素的类型,我们看到它是一个Python int:

type(a[-1])
>>> <class 'int'>
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