实现自定义错误枚举时,不满足特征绑定..

问题描述 投票:-1回答:2

实现自定义错误类型时,我收到以下错误:

the trait bound `std::io::Error: std::clone::Clone` is not satisfied

这是我的自定义错误枚举:

use std::fmt;
use std::io;
use crate::memtable::Memtable;

// Define our error types. These may be customized for our error handling cases.
// Now we will be able to write our own errors, defer to an underlying error
// implementation, or do something in between.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum MemtableError {
    Io(io::Error),
    FromUTF8(std::string::FromUtf8Error),
    NotFound,
}

// Generation of an error is completely separate from how it is displayed.
// There's no need to be concerned about cluttering complex logic with the display style.
//
// Note that we don't store any extra info about the errors. This means we can't state
// which string failed to parse without modifying our types to carry that information.
impl fmt::Display for MemtableError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Some error occurred!");
        Ok(())
    }
}

// a test function that returns our error result
fn raises_my_error(memtable: Memtable, key: String) -> Result<(),MemtableError> {
    match memtable.read(key) {
        Ok(v) => Ok(()),
        Err(e) => Err(e),
    }
}

我在做什么错?我尝试了以下示例:

  1. https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.html
  2. https://learning-rust.github.io/docs/e7.custom_error_types.html
  3. https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.html
enums rust traits
2个回答
0
投票

发生错误是因为您试图派生CloneMemtableError实现,但是std::io::ErrorMemtableError可以存储的值之一的类型)本身并未实现Clone 。如果不需要克隆,我将其更改为#[derive(Debug)]。否则,我们将需要更多有关您的用例的上下文,以提出更具体的修复方法。


0
投票

在您的MemtableError枚举中,您使用的std::io::error未实现克隆。这就是错误消息的意思。您还应该获得关于std::string::FromUtf8Error的相同错误。

要解决此问题,您可以从派生宏中删除Clone。或者您需要在错误类型上显式实现Clone。但是,这在当前设置中将不起作用,因为io :: Error在内部使用了特征对象(Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>)。并且无法克隆此特征对象。参见此issue。一种解决方法是将std::io::Errorstd::string::FromUtf8Error放在RcArc中:

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum MemtableError {
    Io(std::rc::Rc<io::Error>),
    FromUTF8(std::rc::Rc<std::string::FromUtf8Error>),
    NotFound,
}

要查看这是否是解决此问题的合理方法,我们需要更多地了解其余代码。

因此,最简单的解决方法是删除Clone。否则,请使用Rc / Arc

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