更新/插入过程中出现死锁

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我有一个表的 UPDATE 和 INSERT 存储过程，该过程被执行多次以更新行（每 5 秒一次）。此过程在多个过程中使用，因此执行计数很高，即使表具有正确的索引并放置了表级提示，我也会在此过程中遇到死锁问题。

我已经根据博客尝试了很多调整，但在减少死锁数量方面没有运气，需要帮助来理解我做错了什么。逻辑是从表中获取 MAX(ID) 并更新记录或插入（如果不存在）。该表最多包含 5000 条记录。

这是带有索引和存储过程的表结构：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TBL_ABC]
(
    [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [NotificationRequest] [nvarchar](250) NULL,
    [ID_OrgLevelValue] [int] NULL,
    [CreatedDate] [datetime] NULL,
    [ID_Control_area] [int] NULL,
    [NotificationMessage] [nvarchar](1000) NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_TBL_ABC] 
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC)
                WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, 
                      IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, 
                      ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TBL_ABC] WITH CHECK 
    ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_TBL_ABC_Mast_OrgLevelValue] 
        FOREIGN KEY([ID_OrgLevelValue])
        REFERENCES [dbo].[Mast_OrgLevelValue] ([ID])
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TBL_ABC] WITH CHECK 
    ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ID_Control_area_TBL_ABC] 
        FOREIGN KEY([ID_Control_area])
        REFERENCES [dbo].[Mast_Control_Area] ([Id])
GO

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_FK_Mast_OrgLevelValue] 
ON [dbo].[TBL_ABC] ([ID_OrgLevelValue] ASC,
                    [NotificationRequest] ASC)
    WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, 
          SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, 
          ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, 
          OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_AddLineNotification]
    @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE INT,
    @ReuestType NVARCHAR(250),
    @NotificationMessage NVARCHAR(2000)=NULL
AS
BEGIN
    BEGIN TRANSACTION AddlineNotification ;
                   
    UPDATE TBL_ABC
    SET CreatedDate = GETUTCDATE(),       
        NotificationMessage = @NotificationMessage
    WHERE ID = (SELECT MAX(ID) 
                FROM TBL_ABC WITH (UPDLOCK) 
                WHERE NotificationRequest = @ReuestType 
                  AND ID_OrgLevelValue = @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE)
                    
    IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO TBL_ABC (NotificationRequest, ID_OrgLevelValue, CreatedDate, NotificationMessage) 
            SELECT  
                @RequestType, @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE, GETUTCDATE(), @NotificationMessage
    END

    COMMIT TRAN;
END

下面是死锁 XML，用于进一步了解此问题。

<deadlock>
  <victim-list>
    <victimProcess id="process26f17535468" />
  </victim-list>
  <process-list>
    <process id="process26f17535468" taskpriority="0" logused="260" waitresource="KEY: 5:72057595550236672 (f8a18c219a4d)" waittime="1238" ownerId="3563795785" transactionname="AddlineNotification" lasttranstarted="2024-06-18T18:24:43.583" XDES="0x26fe9750460" lockMode="RangeS-U" schedulerid="1" kpid="62652" status="suspended" spid="57" sbid="2" ecid="0" priority="0" trancount="2" lastbatchstarted="2024-06-18T18:24:41.377" lastbatchcompleted="2024-06-18T18:24:41.370" lastattention="1900-01-01T00:00:00.370" clientapp="EntityFramework" hostname="A98SW127PSMS1AP" hostpid="62948" loginname="gxoupuser" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="3563795785" currentdb="5" currentdbname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056">
      <executionStack>
        <frame procname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.dbo.usp_AddLineNotification" line="13" stmtstart="776" stmtend="1300" sqlhandle="0x03000500e53503310e82830071b1000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
UPDATE TBL_ABC
                    SET CreatedDate =GETUTCDATE (), NotificationMessage=@NotificationMessage
                    WHERE ID = ( SELECT MAX(ID) FROM TBL_ABC WITH (UPDLOCK) WHERE NotificationRequest = @ReuestType AND ID_OrgLevelValue=@ID_ORGLEVELVALUE    </frame>
        <frame procname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.dbo.usp_Interface_WOUpdate" line="4451" stmtstart="273404" stmtend="273514" sqlhandle="0x03000500198ac41ee39aac0078b1000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
EXEC usp_AddLineNotification @LineID
                                    ,'Losses    </frame>
      </executionStack>
      <inputbuf>
Proc [Database Id = 5 Object Id = 516196889]   </inputbuf>
    </process>
    <process id="process26feee55468" taskpriority="0" logused="107136" waitresource="KEY: 5:72057595550236672 (20b095273284)" waittime="1070" ownerId="3563785553" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2024-06-18T18:24:41.127" XDES="0x26e8a208460" lockMode="RangeS-U" schedulerid="1" kpid="36164" status="suspended" spid="81" sbid="2" ecid="0" priority="0" trancount="3" lastbatchstarted="2024-06-18T18:24:41.127" lastbatchcompleted="2024-06-18T18:24:41.127" lastattention="1900-01-01T00:00:00.127" clientapp="EntityFramework" hostname="A98SW127PSMS1AP" hostpid="28224" loginname="gxoupuser" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="3563785553" currentdb="5" currentdbname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056">
      <executionStack>
        <frame procname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.dbo.usp_AddLineNotification" line="13" stmtstart="776" stmtend="1300" sqlhandle="0x03000500e53503310e82830071b1000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
UPDATE TBL_ABC
                    SET CreatedDate =GETUTCDATE (), NotificationMessage=@NotificationMessage
                    WHERE ID = ( SELECT MAX(ID) FROM TBL_ABC WITH (UPDLOCK) WHERE NotificationRequest = @ReuestType AND ID_OrgLevelValue=@ID_ORGLEVELVALUE    </frame>
        <frame procname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.dbo.usp_WorkOrder_Creation" line="940" stmtstart="92022" stmtend="92104" sqlhandle="0x03000500a01ea36c2a9cac0078b1000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
EXEC usp_AddLineNotification  @LineID,'WO    </frame>
      </executionStack>
      <inputbuf>
Proc [Database Id = 5 Object Id = 1822629536]   </inputbuf>
    </process>
  </process-list>
  <resource-list>
    <keylock hobtid="72057595550236672" dbid="5" objectname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.sys.query_notification_2045927056" indexname="cidx" id="lock271878c4400" mode="RangeX-X" associatedObjectId="72057595550236672">
      <owner-list>
        <owner id="process26feee55468" mode="RangeX-X" />
      </owner-list>
      <waiter-list>
        <waiter id="process26f17535468" mode="RangeS-U" requestType="wait" />
      </waiter-list>
    </keylock>
    <keylock hobtid="72057595550236672" dbid="5" objectname="GXOUpgrade_LIVE.sys.query_notification_2045927056" indexname="cidx" id="lock2717ac11180" mode="RangeS-U" associatedObjectId="72057595550236672">
      <owner-list>
        <owner id="process26f17535468" mode="RangeS-U" />
      </owner-list>
      <waiter-list>
        <waiter id="process26feee55468" mode="RangeS-U" requestType="wait" />
      </waiter-list>
    </keylock>
  </resource-list>
</deadlock>

我尝试将代码放在桌子上的 TRANSACTION 和 HOLDLOCK 中。

sql-server deadlock database-deadlocks
1个回答
0
投票

我会尝试以下方法。

  1. 先尝试插入，我相信这是并发安全的

  2. 与更新分开获取您要更新的记录的Id。我认为这可能会强制按顺序进行锁定，从而避免死锁。

    DECLARE @MaxId bigint;

    INSERT INTO TBL_ABC (NotificationRequest, ID_OrgLevelValue, CreatedDate, NotificationMessage) 
    SELECT @RequestType, @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE, GETUTCDATE(), @NotificationMessage
    WHERE NOT EXISTS (
        SELECT 1
        FROM TBL_ABC
        WHERE NotificationRequest = @ReuestType 
        AND ID_OrgLevelValue = @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE
    );

    IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
        -- Find the row we want to update and lock it for update
        SELECT TOP 1 @MaxId = ID 
        FROM TBL_ABC WITH (UPDLOCK) 
        WHERE NotificationRequest = @ReuestType 
        AND ID_OrgLevelValue = @ID_ORGLEVELVALUE
        ORDER BY Id DESC;
      
        UPDATE TBL_ABC SET
            CreatedDate = GETUTCDATE()
            , NotificationMessage = @NotificationMessage
        WHERE ID = @MaxId;
    END;
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