有一个类有不同的方法动作--虚拟的还是委托的？

Question

我有一个 Item 在C#类中，我想有两个方法。OnRightClick 和 OnLeftClick但我希望每个项目在使用时都能做不同的事情（我在Unity上，这个类不是一个单行为）。

我听说过 virtual 方法，但据我所知，它们只能被其他继承它们的类重写。然而，我想做的是不用为每一个项目单独做一个类。我怎样才能使这2个方法有所不同呢？

我想到了使用 delegate但它也没有按照我预期的方式工作。这有可能吗？

EDIT

(Ik下面的一行都不是什么东西，但这是我能以某种方式解释我想做的事的最好方法)

想象一下，有以下简单的类Item

public class Item
{
    private string name;
    private float weight;
    private int price;
    private bool dropable;

    public Item(string name, float weight, int price, bool dropable)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.weight = weight;
        this.price = price;
        this.dropable = dropable;
    }

    public Item(string name, float weight, int price)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.weight = weight;
        this.price = price;
        this.dropable = true;
    }

    public string GetName()
    {
        return this.name;
    }

    public float GetWeight()
    {
        return this.weight;
    }

    public int GetPrice()
    {
        return this.price;
    }

    public bool GetDropable()
    {
        return this.dropable;
    }

    public void SetDropable(bool dropable)
    {
        this.dropable = dropable;
    }
}

我想能够让OnRightClick和OnLeftClick因我创建的每一个项目而不同，如果我能做到像(我说过，我知道这是不正确的，但这是我能解释的最好的方式，也没有在上面的类中提到，这是我目前的原始类)

Item item1 = new Item(*all the stuff here*);
Item item2 = new Item(*other stuff*);
item1.OnRightClick = delegate {*what I want on right click*};
item1.OnRightClick(); //executes the function for item1
item2.OnRightClick = delegate {*other stuff on right click*};
item2.OnRightClick(); //executes a different function for item2

同样，这不是一个有效的代码，但我只是用这个来尝试和解释我想尝试做什么，并询问是否有任何解决方案存在。在最坏的情况下，如果没有，我可以直接使用虚拟，但我希望那是我最后没有选择的情况。

Answer 1

你可以有一个父项目类，然后不同的子项目类，从它继承的语法它

public class MyItem : MonoBehaviour {

    public enum ItemType {HEALING, OFFENSIVE, CONSUMABLE, EQUIPMENT}
    public ItemType itemType;

    public float potency;

    public MyItem(ItemType _it, float _potency) {
    itemType = _it;
    potency = _potency;
    }

    public void OnRightClick() {
    switch (itemType) {
     case ItemType.HEALING:
     HealCharacter(character, potency);
     break;
     case ItemType.OFFENSIVE:

     break;

    // more cases
    }
    }
    public void OnLeftClick() {
    //fill in like onrightclick
    }
}

Answer 2

你可以使用Action和Func来实现你的要求。

https:/docs.microsoft.comen-usdotnetapisystem.action-1?view=netcore-3.1。

https:/docs.microsoft.comen-usdotnetapisystem.func-2?view=netcore-3.1。

public enum ItemType
{
    Sword,
    Shield,
    Potion
}

public class Item
{
    private readonly Action leftClickHandler;
    private readonly Action<int> leftClickHandlerWithParam;
    private readonly Action rightClickHandler;
    private readonly Action<int> rightClickHandlerWithParam;

    public Item(ItemType itemType)
    {
        switch (itemType)
        {
            case ItemType.Potion:
                this.rightClickHandler = this.HandleClickWithFlash;
                this.leftClickHandler = this.HandleClickWithSound;

                this.leftClickHandlerWithParam = this.HandleClickWithFlash;
                this.rightClickHandlerWithParam = this.HandleClickWithSound;
                break;
        }
    }

    public void HandleLeftClick()
    {
        this.leftClickHandler();
    }

    public void HandleRightClick()
    {
        this.rightClickHandler();
    }

    private void HandleClickWithFlash()
    {
        // Logic here.
    }

    private void HandleClickWithFlash(int parameter)
    {
        // Logic here.
    }

    private void HandleClickWithSound()
    {
        // Logic here.
    }

    private void HandleClickWithSound(int parameter)
    {
        // Logic here.
    }
}

这里是暴露的项目，如果说你想要一个项目工厂的概念。

public class ItemSettableHandlers
{
    public ItemSettableHandlers()
    {
    }

    public Action LeftClickHandler { get; set; }

    public Action RightClickHandler { get; set; }

    public void HandleLeftClick()
    {
        this.LeftClickHandler?.Invoke();
    }

    public void HandleRightClick()
    {
        this.RightClickHandler?.Invoke();
    }
}

public class ItemCreator
{
    public void CreateItems()
    {
        var itemSword = new ItemSettableHandlers();
        itemSword.LeftClickHandler = () =>
        {
            // Do sword left click here.
        };
        itemSword.RightClickHandler = () =>
        {
            // Do sword right click here.
        };

        var itemShield = new ItemSettableHandlers();
        itemShield.LeftClickHandler = () =>
        {
            // Do shield left click here.
        };
        itemShield.RightClickHandler = () =>
        {
            // Do shield right click here.
        };

    }
}

Answer 3

你可以使用EventHandler。

在你的类中，你定义：

    public event EventHandler RightClick;
    public void OnRightClick()
    {
        EventHandler handler = RightClick;
        if (null != handler) handler(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

你用这样的方式。

     // Enable Event
     RightClick += new EventHandler(OnRightClick);


     OnRightClick();

    public void OnRightClick(object s, EventArgs e)
    {

    }